Nursing Elites

1. What action should be taken for a 2-year-old with laryngotracheobronchitis in an oxygen tent?

• A. Restrain the child and notify the healthcare provider
• B. Increase the oxygen concentration
• C. Take the child to the playroom
• D. Ask the mother to help in comforting the child

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), a child may become restless due to poor oxygenation. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the oxygen tent is crucial to improve oxygenation levels and manage symptoms effectively. Restraint is not appropriate in this situation, as it may cause distress and worsen the child's condition. Taking the child to the playroom is not indicated when the child requires oxygen therapy. While comforting the child is important, the priority in this scenario is to optimize oxygen delivery to improve respiratory distress.

2. How should a healthcare professional handle a child with a new diagnosis of ADHD?

• A. Provide behavioral therapy and support
• B. Increase sugar intake
• C. Restrict all forms of exercise
• D. Avoid medication use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When dealing with a child newly diagnosed with ADHD, providing behavioral therapy and support is crucial. This approach helps the child learn coping strategies, improve social skills, and manage their symptoms effectively. Choice B, increasing sugar intake, is incorrect as there is no evidence linking sugar consumption to ADHD. Choice C, restricting all forms of exercise, is inappropriate as regular physical activity can actually benefit children with ADHD by helping them release excess energy and improve focus. Choice D, avoiding medication use, may not be the best course of action as medication prescribed by a healthcare professional can sometimes be beneficial in managing ADHD symptoms when combined with other therapies.

3. What is a common treatment for a child with iron-deficiency anemia?

• A. Iron supplements
• B. High-protein diet
• C. Vitamin B12 injections
• D. Sodium chloride solution

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Iron supplements are the correct choice for treating iron-deficiency anemia in children. Iron supplements help replenish the low iron levels in the body, addressing the underlying cause of the anemia. High-protein diets may be beneficial for overall health but are not the primary treatment for iron-deficiency anemia. Vitamin B12 injections are used to treat B12 deficiency anemia, a different type of anemia. Sodium chloride solution is not a treatment for anemia and is typically used for hydration purposes.

4. What is a common sign of hypothyroidism in children?

• A. Weight loss
• B. Increased heart rate
• C. Dry skin and constipation
• D. Elevated blood pressure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dry skin and constipation are typical signs of hypothyroidism in children. Hypothyroidism results from an underactive thyroid gland, leading to symptoms such as dry skin and constipation. Weight loss (Choice A) is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive. Increased heart rate (Choice B) and elevated blood pressure (Choice D) are also more characteristic of hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism. Therefore, the correct answer is dry skin and constipation (Choice C) when identifying signs of hypothyroidism in children.

5. What is the primary goal in managing a child with asthma?

• A. Prevent triggering asthma attacks
• B. Avoid triggering asthma attacks
• C. Administer corticosteroids
• D. Increase physical activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with asthma is to avoid triggering asthma attacks. This involves managing allergens, ensuring proper medication use, and creating an asthma action plan. Choice A is incorrect because the goal is to avoid triggering asthma attacks, not necessarily to prevent recurrent infections. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroids are a treatment option but not the primary goal of asthma management. Choice D is incorrect because although physical activity is important, the primary goal is to prevent asthma attacks and manage symptoms effectively.

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