Nursing Elites

1. What other statistic may be used to determine attainment of longevity besides reaching the average life span of Filipinos?

• A. Age-specific mortality rate
• B. Proportionate mortality rate
• C. Swaroop’s index
• D. Case fatality rate

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Swaroop’s index is a useful statistic to determine attainment of longevity as it focuses on the percentage of deaths aged 50 years or older. Its inverse reflects the percentage of untimely deaths, which are those who died younger than 50 years. By considering Swaroop’s index in addition to average life span, a more comprehensive assessment of longevity can be achieved.

2. In calculating the crude death rate of your municipality, with a total population of about 18,000 last year, there were 94 deaths. Among the deceased, 20 died due to heart diseases, and 32 were aged 50 years or older. What is the crude death rate?

• A. 4.1/1000
• B. 5.2/1000
• C. 6.3/1000
• D. 7.3/1000

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the crude death rate, divide the total number of deaths (94) by the total population (18,000) and then multiply by 1,000. This gives a crude death rate of 5.2 deaths per 1,000 population.

3. What is the primary aim of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

• A. To eliminate non-communicable diseases
• B. To increase hospital bed capacity
• C. To provide immunizations to all children
• D. To train more healthcare workers

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary aim of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is to provide immunizations to all children. By offering vaccines to all children, the EPI aims to protect them from vaccine-preventable diseases, ultimately reducing the burden of these illnesses on public health. Increasing hospital bed capacity, eliminating non-communicable diseases, and training more healthcare workers are important goals in healthcare but are not the primary focus of the EPI.

4. Sputum examination is the major screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clients may sometimes receive false negative results in this exam. This means that the test is not perfect in terms of which characteristic of a diagnostic examination?

• A. Effectiveness
• B. Efficacy
• C. Specificity
• D. Sensitivity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sensitivity is the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals with the disease. A test with high sensitivity will rarely give false negative results, as it will detect almost all positive cases. In the context of the given scenario, false negative results indicate that the test is lacking in sensitivity to pick up all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, leading to some cases being missed.

5. Which demographic tool may be used to describe the sex composition of the population?

• A. Sex ratio
• B. Sex proportion
• C. Population pyramid
• D. Any of these may be used

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To describe the sex composition of the population, both the sex ratio and sex proportion can be utilized. The sex ratio provides a numerical comparison of the number of males to females in a population, while the sex proportion expresses the relative number or percentage of males and females in a given population. On the other hand, a population pyramid is a graphical representation that shows the age and sex distribution of a population. Therefore, any of these tools may be used to analyze and present the sex composition of a population.

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