vitamin b12 is found in

ATI LPN

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2019 Answers

1. Where is Vitamin B12 found?

A. Whole grains.
B. Nuts.
C. Meats.
D. Legumes.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal-derived foods like meats. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as whole grains, nuts, and legumes do not naturally contain significant amounts of Vitamin B12. Therefore, the correct answer is 'C: Meats.'

2. What are probiotics?

A. Indigestible carbohydrates that promote growth of health-promoting bacteria.
B. Antibiotics that prevent growth of harmful bacteria.
C. Nutritional supplements of health-promoting bacteria.
D. Commercial fiber supplements that have a laxative effect.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Probiotics are live bacteria that are beneficial for gut health and are often taken as supplements. They are not indigestible carbohydrates (Choice A), antibiotics (Choice B), or commercial fiber supplements (Choice D). Probiotics contain live strains of good bacteria that help maintain a healthy balance in the gut microbiome.

3. Which pathogenic bacterium is associated with peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer?

A. Lactobacillus.
B. Bifidobacterium.
C. H. pylori.
D. E. coli.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is H. pylori. This bacterium is known to be associated with the development of peptic ulcers and an increased risk of gastric cancer. Lactobacillus (Choice A) and Bifidobacterium (Choice B) are probiotic bacteria that are beneficial to human health and not associated with causing these conditions. E. coli (Choice D) is a diverse group of bacteria, some of which can be pathogenic, but they are not primarily linked to peptic ulcers and gastric cancer like H. pylori.

4. Which enzyme is secreted by the salivary glands?

A. Pepsin.
B. Trypsin.
C. Sucrase.
D. Amylase.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, amylase. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the salivary glands that initiates the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth. Pepsin (choice A) is produced in the stomach to digest proteins, trypsin (choice B) is produced in the pancreas to digest proteins, and sucrase (choice C) is produced in the small intestine to break down sucrose. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands.

5. Why is it important to understand standard serving sizes of foods?

A. it is easy to eat too much of some nutrients when choosing healthful foods.
B. serving sizes have generally decreased over the past few decades.
C. most people have difficulty estimating the amount of food they eat.
D. food portions need to be weighed to check serving sizes accurately.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Understanding serving sizes is crucial because most people have difficulty estimating the amount of food they eat. It helps individuals accurately track their intake, which is essential for maintaining a healthy diet and avoiding overeating. Choice A is incorrect because the question focuses on portion sizes rather than specific nutrients. Choice B is incorrect as it presents an unsupported claim about serving sizes decreasing. Choice D is incorrect as weighing food portions is not always necessary to check serving sizes; understanding standard serving sizes allows for a more practical approach to portion control.