Nursing Elites

1. The school nurse is presenting a class to a group of students about common overuse disorders. Which disorder would the school nurse include?

• A. Dislocated radial head
• B. Transient synovitis of the hip
• C. Osgood-Schlatter disease
• D. Scoliosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Osgood-Schlatter disease. This condition is a common overuse injury that affects the knee. Osgood-Schlatter disease typically occurs in children and adolescents who are involved in activities that require frequent running, jumping, and kicking. It is characterized by pain, swelling, and tenderness at the tibial tuberosity, where the patellar tendon inserts into the tibia. Choice A, Dislocated radial head, is not an overuse disorder but rather a form of elbow injury where the head of the radius bone is displaced from its normal position. Choice B, Transient synovitis of the hip, is a self-limiting condition that causes hip pain and limping in children. It is not typically considered an overuse disorder. Choice D, Scoliosis, is a condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. While it may be related to certain activities or postures, it is not primarily classified as an overuse disorder.

2. A child with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is being discharged from the hospital. What is important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching?

• A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily
• B. Administer insulin based on blood glucose levels
• C. Recognize signs of hypoglycemia
• D. Follow a structured meal plan

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Following a structured meal plan is essential for managing diabetes mellitus. It helps regulate blood glucose levels and ensures proper nutrition. Monitoring blood glucose levels daily is important, not just once a day, to maintain control. Administering insulin based on blood glucose levels is crucial but should be done as per the healthcare provider's instructions, not only when blood glucose is high. Recognizing signs of hypoglycemia is important, but it is equally vital to prevent hypoglycemia by adhering to a consistent meal plan and insulin regimen.

3. A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler about the signs and symptoms of lead poisoning. Which symptom should the nurse emphasize?

• A. Abdominal pain
• B. Constipation
• C. Irritability
• D. Frequent urination

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Irritability is a significant symptom of lead poisoning in toddlers. Lead exposure can lead to behavioral changes, including irritability, which is crucial for parents to recognize. While abdominal pain and constipation can occur in lead poisoning, they are not as specific or prominent as irritability. Frequent urination is not typically associated with lead poisoning in toddlers, making it a less relevant symptom to emphasize. By highlighting irritability, parents can be better equipped to identify potential signs of lead poisoning in their toddler.

4. A 6-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department in severe respiratory distress. A diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is made and the infant is admitted to the pediatric unit. What should be included in the nursing plan of care?

• A. Place the infant in a warm, dry environment.
• B. Allow parents and siblings to visit.
• C. Maintain standard and contact precautions.
• D. Administer prescribed antibiotics immediately.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to maintain standard and contact precautions. RSV is highly contagious, primarily spreading through respiratory secretions. Therefore, it is crucial to implement infection control measures to prevent the spread of the virus within the healthcare setting. Option A is incorrect as warmth and dryness are not the primary concern in RSV management. While family support is important, allowing visits may increase the risk of spreading the infection, making option B less appropriate. Option D is incorrect because RSV is a viral infection, and antibiotics are not effective against viruses.

5. A child has undergone surgery using steel bar placement to correct pectus excavatum. What position would the nurse instruct the parents to avoid?

• A. Semi-Fowler
• B. Supine
• C. High Fowler
• D. Side-lying

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Side-lying. After surgery using steel bar placement to correct pectus excavatum, the nurse should instruct the parents to avoid placing the child in a side-lying position. This position should be avoided to prevent displacement of the steel bar. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Semi-Fowler, Supine, and High Fowler positions are generally safe and commonly used in postoperative care, but in this specific case, side-lying should be avoided to ensure the effectiveness of the surgical correction.

Similar Questions