ATI LPN
Nutrition For PN Nursing ATI
1. What is the primary nutritional function of the large intestine?
- A. Absorption of fats.
- B. Excretion of waste products.
- C. Excretion of bacteria.
- D. Absorption of water.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absorption of water. The primary nutritional function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the indigestible food residue that enters it from the small intestine. This absorption of water helps to form solid waste, which is then eliminated from the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the large intestine is not primarily responsible for the absorption of fats, excretion of waste products, or excretion of bacteria. While the large intestine does play a role in waste elimination and contains bacteria beneficial for digestion, its main function in terms of nutrition is the absorption of water.
2. Which age group is particularly vulnerable to malnutrition?
- A. Infants
- B. Teenagers
- C. Young adults
- D. Middle-aged adults
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition due to their high growth rate and specific nutrient requirements. During the first year of life, infants experience rapid growth and development, requiring essential nutrients for proper physical and cognitive development. Teenagers, young adults, and middle-aged adults have more stable nutritional needs compared to infants, making them less vulnerable to malnutrition. Therefore, infants are the most susceptible age group when it comes to malnutrition.
3. Which nutrient has a protein-sparing effect?
- A. Glycerol
- B. Carbohydrate
- C. Nitrogen
- D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Carbohydrates have a protein-sparing effect, meaning that adequate carbohydrate intake can prevent the use of protein for energy. Glycerol, nitrogen, and fatty acids do not have a protein-sparing effect. Glycerol is a component of fats and oils, nitrogen is a component of proteins, and fatty acids are used primarily as an energy source.
4. The major focus of nutritional recommendations in this century has shifted to:
- A. prevention and control of chronic diseases.
- B. improved sanitation and public health.
- C. prevention and control of infectious diseases.
- D. development of healthful foods using food technology.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: prevention and control of chronic diseases. In this century, nutritional recommendations have increasingly emphasized the importance of preventing and managing chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Lifestyle factors such as diet play a significant role in the development of these conditions. Option B, improved sanitation and public health, although important for overall health, is not the primary focus of nutritional recommendations. Option C, prevention and control of infectious diseases, is also crucial but does not reflect the current major focus of nutritional recommendations. Option D, development of healthful foods using food technology, is a valid area of interest but is not the primary shift in focus observed in nutritional recommendations.
5. In addition to active transport, which process is involved in absorbing food in the small intestine?
- A. pinocytosis
- B. excretion
- C. phagocytosis
- D. electrochemical diffusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a process where cells in the small intestine absorb nutrients by engulfing them. This process is different from phagocytosis, which involves engulfing large particles, and excretion, which is the removal of waste products. Electrochemical diffusion is not directly involved in the absorption of food in the small intestine.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access
ATI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 5,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access