Nursing Elites

1. When a nurse reads a peer-reviewed nursing journal article recommending a change in caring for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter, which action demonstrates critical thinking?

• A. Implementing the article's recommendations in caring for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter
• B. Presenting the journal article to the nurse manager and proposing a revision of the procedure
• C. Seeking additional peer-reviewed articles that corroborate the author's recommendation
• D. Disregarding the article and adhering to the facility's existing procedure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Critical thinking involves evaluating information from various sources. In this scenario, the nurse displays critical thinking by seeking additional peer-reviewed articles that support the author's recommendation. This action ensures that decisions are based on a comprehensive understanding of the topic rather than relying solely on one source. By exploring other peer-reviewed articles, the nurse can validate the proposed change and make informed decisions regarding patient care. Choice A, implementing the article's recommendations, may not encompass a thorough evaluation of the information presented. Choice B, presenting the article to the nurse manager, is a valid step but does not directly involve critical analysis of the information. Choice D, disregarding the article, goes against the essence of critical thinking, which emphasizes the evaluation and consideration of various perspectives.

2. The nursing assistant asks the nurse to explain the meaning of advocacy. The nurse explains that the fundamental principle of patient advocacy is what?

• A. Independence
• B. Caring
• C. Competence
• D. Protection

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Protection. Protection is the fundamental principle of patient advocacy, ensuring that patients' rights and interests are safeguarded. Advocacy involves actively speaking up for the patient, ensuring they receive proper care, their wishes are respected, and they are protected from harm or exploitation. It goes beyond independence, caring, and competence, focusing on safeguarding the patient's well-being and ensuring their rights are upheld. While independence, caring, and competence are important aspects of patient care, they do not encompass the core principle of advocacy, which is to protect the patient's rights and well-being.

3. Nurses and community officials are working together to ensure that churches and schools have needed supplies to provide shelter for a large number of individuals in the event of a natural or man-made disaster. These activities represent which phase of a disaster continuum?

• A. Crisis Intervention
• B. Preparedness
• C. Recovery
• D. Relief Response

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The scenario described in the question, where nurses and community officials are preparing churches and schools with supplies for potential disaster situations, falls under the Preparedness phase of a disaster continuum. Preparedness involves planning, organizing, and equipping to handle potential disasters before they occur. This phase aims to enhance the readiness of individuals, organizations, and systems to respond effectively when a disaster strikes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the activities of preparing for a disaster before it happens; Crisis Intervention deals with immediate response during or after a disaster, Recovery focuses on rebuilding and restoring after a disaster, and Relief Response involves providing immediate assistance in the aftermath of a disaster.

4. A healthcare provider is planning the discharge of a newborn who requires apnea monitoring at home. To which of the following community agencies should the healthcare provider anticipate referring the guardian of the newborn?

• A. Child Protective Services
• B. Public Health
• C. Home Health
• D. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Home health agencies specialize in providing at-home care and monitoring services, making them the appropriate referral for a newborn requiring apnea monitoring. These agencies can offer skilled nursing care, education, and support to ensure the well-being of the newborn in a home setting. Child Protective Services (Choice A) is not relevant in this scenario as it deals with child welfare and protection from abuse or neglect. Public Health (Choice B) focuses on community health initiatives but may not provide the specialized care needed for apnea monitoring. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program (Choice D) offers nutritional support and education for low-income pregnant women, new mothers, and young children, which is not directly related to providing monitoring services for a newborn with apnea.

5. How can a healthcare provider best address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient?

• A. Explain the patient's spiritual beliefs to the healthcare provider.
• B. Ask the patient to share their spiritual beliefs.
• C. Ask what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs.
• D. Consult with a spiritual leader to understand the patient's spiritual needs.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The most effective way for a healthcare provider to address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient is by asking what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs. This approach respects the patient's autonomy, acknowledges their individual beliefs, and allows for personalized and patient-centered care. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on the healthcare provider's understanding rather than the patient's needs. Choice B could be invasive and may not be necessary to provide adequate spiritual care. Choice D involves consulting a spiritual leader, which may not always align with the patient's personal beliefs and preferences.

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