Nursing Elites

1. The nurse administers a booster dose of DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine to an infant. Which level of prevention is the nurse implementing?

• A. Primary prevention.
• B. Tertiary prevention.
• C. Secondary prevention.
• D. Primary nursing.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. Administering a booster dose of DTaP vaccine to an infant is an example of primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs by preventing exposure to risk factors. Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred, while secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to prevent the progression of disease. Choice B, tertiary prevention, is incorrect as it deals with managing the consequences of a disease rather than preventing it. Choice C, secondary prevention, is also incorrect as it focuses on early detection and treatment rather than vaccination to prevent the disease. Choice D, primary nursing, is unrelated to the level of prevention being implemented in this scenario.

2. A nurse is preparing to administer a tuberculosis (TB) test to a client. Which of the following is the correct method for administering this test?

• A. Intradermal injection on the forearm
• B. Subcutaneous injection on the upper arm
• C. Intramuscular injection on the deltoid
• D. Oral administration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct method for administering a tuberculosis (TB) test is through an intradermal injection on the forearm. This technique allows for the proper administration of the test under the skin to assess the body's response to the TB antigen. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the TB test specifically requires an intradermal injection, not subcutaneous, intramuscular, or oral administration.

3. Iwa, two years old, was brought to the health center because of diarrhea for 4 days. Assessment revealed that Iwa has under-nutrition. Which of the following actions will you take?

• A. Advise the mother to give milk and juices between meals at home
• B. Give nutritious food available at home
• C. Refer to the hospital for proper management
• D. Provide mother with ORS solution and show her how to give the solution

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the case of a child with under-nutrition and diarrhea, advising the mother to give milk and juices between meals at home is the appropriate action. This helps address the nutritional needs of the child while also providing hydration. Option B, giving nutritious food available at home, may not be sufficient in addressing immediate needs such as dehydration. Option C, referring to the hospital, may be necessary in severe cases but is not the first-line action. Option D, providing ORS solution, is important but does not directly address the under-nutrition concern.

4. Occupational health nursing is concerned with the following except:

• A. educating workers about health
• B. immediate diagnosis of illness prevailing in the work field
• C. appropriate and effective ways of promoting health
• D. planning of administering health services

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Occupational health nursing focuses on educating workers about health, promoting health through appropriate and effective ways, and planning and administering health services in the workplace. Immediate diagnosis of illness prevailing in the work field is typically not the primary role of occupational health nursing, as it usually involves prevention, education, and health promotion rather than diagnosing acute conditions.

5. The Food Fortification Act of 2000 provides for the mandatory fortification of staple foods, which includes:

• A. Flour with iron
• B. Refined sugar with iron
• C. Cooking oil with vitamin A
• D. Rice with vitamin A

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flour with iron. The Food Fortification Act of 2000 mandates the fortification of flour with iron to address iron deficiency in the population. Refined sugar is not typically fortified with iron, making choice B incorrect. While cooking oil fortification with vitamin A is common in some regions, it is not specified under the Food Fortification Act of 2000, rendering choice C incorrect. Similarly, rice fortification with vitamin A is not included in the mandatory fortification list according to the act, making choice D incorrect.

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