Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is one of the simplest amino acids?

• A. Arginine
• B. Valine
• C. Lysine
• D. Glycine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Glycine. Glycine is indeed one of the simplest amino acids as it consists of just a hydrogen atom as its side chain. Arginine, Valine, and Lysine are all more complex amino acids compared to Glycine, making them incorrect choices for this question.

2. Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

• A. Cereal grains.
• B. Beans.
• C. Nuts.
• D. Eggs.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Eggs are considered a source of complete protein because they contain all the essential amino acids required by the body. The other options, cereal grains, beans, and nuts, do not provide all the essential amino acids in the necessary proportions to be classified as complete proteins.

3. Which compound is necessary for emulsification of fat in the body?

• A. Bile salts
• B. Cholecystokinin
• C. Chyme
• D. Trypsin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Bile salts are essential for emulsifying fats in the body. They break down fats into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for enzymes to work on during digestion. Cholecystokinin is a hormone that stimulates the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes, but it is not directly involved in emulsification. Chyme is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine and does not play a role in emulsifying fats. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that acts on proteins, not fats.

4. For a healthy person, what percentage of daily calories should be supplied by protein?

• A. 5% to 10%.
• B. 10% to 35%.
• C. more than 25%.
• D. more than 35%.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 10% to 35%. For a healthy person, it is recommended that 10% to 35% of their daily caloric intake should come from protein. This range ensures an adequate intake of protein for various bodily functions without overdoing it. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest percentages either below the recommended range (A, C) or exceeding it (D), which could lead to nutritional imbalances or health issues.

5. It has been generally accepted that the percentage of total daily calories supplied by fats should be no more than:

• A. 10% to 15%.
• B. 10% to 35%.
• C. 20% to 35%.
• D. 40% to 55%.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The recommended fat intake is between 20% to 35% of total daily calories. This range is considered optimal for maintaining a healthy diet. Choice A (10% to 15%) is too low and might not provide enough essential fats for the body. Choice B (10% to 35%) includes an upper limit that exceeds the generally accepted range. Choice D (40% to 55%) suggests a fat intake that is higher than what is recommended, which could lead to health issues if consumed regularly.

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