nutrients interact in the body to regulate metabolic processes to build and repair tissue and to

ATI LPN

PN Nutrition Assessment ATI

1. Nutrients interact in the body to regulate metabolic processes, build and repair tissue, and to:

A. provide energy.
B. control cellular wastes.
C. control hormone levels.
D. regulate absorption.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: provide energy. Nutrients play a crucial role in providing energy for the body's various functions. While they do help in regulating metabolic processes and in building and repairing tissue, the primary function related to energy production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as nutrients are not primarily responsible for controlling cellular wastes, hormone levels, or absorption.

2. What does the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) represent?

A. a replacement for Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs).
B. a safe level of intake for people of all ages.
C. a potentially toxic level of intake of a nutrient.
D. the highest amount of a nutrient that can be safely consumed.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) represents the highest amount of a nutrient that can be safely consumed without causing adverse health effects. It is not a replacement for Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) (choice A) which are nutrient intake recommendations. While the UL is established to prevent toxicity, it is not a completely safe level for people of all ages (choice B). It is also not a potentially toxic level of intake of a nutrient (choice C), but rather the level that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects.

3. In addition to poor eating habits, a factor that often contributes to marginal nutritional status is:

A. dependence on caffeine.
B. acute illness.
C. low income.
D. size of the family unit.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Low income is a significant factor contributing to marginal nutritional status due to limited access to nutritious food. While dependence on caffeine or acute illness can impact health, they are not as directly linked to marginal nutrition as low income. The size of the family unit may affect food distribution within the household but is not as directly related to marginal nutritional status as low income.

4. Which of the following plasma proteins helps maintain fluid balance?

A. Albumin
B. Fibrinogen
C. Hemoglobin
D. Collagen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Albumin is the correct answer. It is a plasma protein that helps maintain osmotic pressure, thereby playing a vital role in regulating fluid balance in the body. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, not fluid balance. Hemoglobin is responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells, not fluid balance. Collagen is a structural protein found in connective tissues, not directly involved in fluid balance.

5. What are the major sources of energy for the body?

A. Proteins and fats.
B. Carbohydrates and fats.
C. Proteins and carbohydrates.
D. Vitamins and minerals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carbohydrates and fats. Carbohydrates are the body's primary and most efficient source of energy, providing fuel for daily activities. Fats are also a significant energy source, especially during times of prolonged or intense exercise. Proteins are primarily used for building and repairing tissues, not as a major energy source. Vitamins and minerals are essential for various bodily functions but do not serve as direct sources of energy.