Nursing Elites

1. "Ironic" and "serious" are:

• A. synonyms (have the same meaning)
• B. antonyms (have opposite meanings)
• C. homonyms (sound the same but have different meanings)
• D. none of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: "Ironic" and "serious" are antonyms as they have opposite meanings. 'Ironic' refers to something that is contrary to what is expected or intended, while 'serious' indicates something grave or without humor. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choice A is incorrect because synonyms are words with similar meanings. Choice C is incorrect as homonyms are words that sound the same but have different meanings, which is not the case for 'ironic' and 'serious'. Choice D is also incorrect as there is a relationship between the two words, making B the correct answer.

2. What literary device is used in the phrase 'a heart of gold'?

• A. Metaphor
• B. Simile
• C. Hyperbole
• D. Personification

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Metaphor. A metaphor is a figure of speech that directly compares two unlike things by stating that one thing is another. In the phrase 'a heart of gold,' the good nature of a person is being directly compared to gold, indicating that the person is kind, valuable, and precious, much like gold. This comparison is not using 'like' or 'as,' which would make it a simile, but rather it is a direct assertion, making it a metaphor. Simile involves comparing two things using 'like' or 'as,' which is not present in this phrase. Hyperbole is an exaggeration, which is not the case here. Personification gives human qualities to non-human entities, which is also not occurring in 'a heart of gold.'

3. Which of the following examples is a compound sentence?

• A. Shawn and Jerome played soccer in the backyard for two hours.
• B. Marissa last saw Elena and talked to her this morning.
• C. The baby was sick, so I decided to stay home from work.
• D. Denise, Kurt, and Eric went for a run after dinner.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction (such as 'and,' 'but,' 'so,' etc.) or a semicolon. In this case, 'The baby was sick' and 'I decided to stay home from work' are two independent clauses connected by the coordinating conjunction 'so.' Choice A is a simple sentence with one independent clause. Choice B is a complex sentence with an independent clause 'Marissa last saw Elena' and a dependent clause 'and talked to her this morning.' Choice D is also a simple sentence with one independent clause.

4. Which sentence is punctuated correctly?

• A. One of my favorite places to visit is San Francisco, California, and I'll never forget my trip there from June 2011.
• B. One of my favorite places to visit is San Francisco, California, and I'll never forget my trip there from June 2011.
• C. One of my favorite places to visit is San Francisco, California, and I'll never forget my trip there from June 2011.
• D. One of my favorite places to visit is San Francisco, California, and I'll never forget my trip there from June, 2011.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer. The sentence is punctuated correctly with commas separating the city, state, and the rest of the sentence. In Choice A, there should be a comma after 'California' to correctly separate the city and state. Choice B lacks a comma after 'California,' creating a run-on sentence. Choice D incorrectly uses a comma before the year '2011,' which disrupts the flow of the sentence.

5. Which of the following sentences from a paragraph about gingivitis is the topic sentence?

• A. Gingivitis can be reversed by daily brushing, flossing, and regular dental cleanings.
• B. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease, in which bacteria causes inflammation of the gums.
• C. With gingivitis, the gums become red and swollen and can bleed easily.
• D. If left untreated, gingivitis can cause periodontitis, in which the gums pull away from the teeth.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The topic sentence in a paragraph typically introduces the main idea or topic of the paragraph. In this case, choice B correctly serves as the topic sentence by clearly stating that gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease caused by bacteria that leads to inflammation of the gums. Choices A, C, and D provide additional information that supports or follows the main idea but do not present the overarching topic of the paragraph.

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