inadequate intake by the pregnant woman of which vitamin may cause neural tube defects

ATI LPN

ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019 Quizlet

1. Which vitamin deficiency in the pregnant woman may cause neural tube defects?

A. Niacin
B. Riboflavin
C. Folic Acid
D. Thiamine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Neural tube defects are linked to a deficiency in folic acid intake during pregnancy. Adequate folic acid intake is crucial as it significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in newborns. Therefore, ensuring pregnant women have sufficient folic acid is essential in preventing this serious birth defect.

2. Which vaccine leaves a permanent scar at the site of injection?

A. BCG
B. DPT
C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. Measles vaccine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The BCG vaccine, which is used for tuberculosis, is known to leave a permanent scar at the site of injection. This distinctive scar formation is one of the characteristic features of receiving the BCG vaccine and is used as a marker of vaccination in some regions.

3. When the occupational health nurse employs ergonomic principles, they are performing which of their roles?

A. Health care provider
B. Health educator
C. Health care coordinator
D. Environment manager

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When an occupational health nurse applies ergonomic principles, they are acting as an environment manager. Ergonomics involves optimizing the work environment for efficiency and safety by considering factors like workplace design, equipment, and furniture to enhance worker well-being and productivity. By focusing on ergonomics, the nurse aims to create a workspace that minimizes physical strain, reduces the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and promotes overall health and comfort for the employees.

4. Which of the following is an essential nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects?

A. Iron
B. Vitamin C
C. Calcium
D. Folic acid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Folic acid is a crucial nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate amounts of folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support a healthy pregnancy and prevent these serious birth defects.

5. What is the purpose of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

A. To provide emergency medical services
B. To ensure all children receive routine immunizations
C. To offer specialized treatments for rare diseases
D. To manage chronic health conditions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is designed to ensure that all children receive routine immunizations to prevent common infectious diseases. It focuses on providing vaccinations to children to build immunity against various preventable diseases, thus contributing to public health by reducing the spread of infectious illnesses.