Nursing Elites

1. How many different types of tissue are there in the human body?

• A. 4
• B. 6
• C. 8
• D. 10

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 4. There are 4 types of tissues in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Epithelial tissue covers the body surfaces, connective tissue provides support and structure, muscle tissue enables movement, and nervous tissue transmits signals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the accurate number of tissue types found in the human body.

2. What is the SI unit of measurement for work?

• A. Newton-meter (N·m)
• B. Joule (J)
• C. Watt (W)
• D. Meter per second (m/s)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Joule (J). Work is defined as the amount of energy transferred by a force acting through a distance. The Joule is the unit used to measure this energy transfer. Choice A, Newton-meter (N·m), is the unit for torque, not work. Choice C, Watt (W), is the unit of power, not work. Choice D, Meter per second (m/s), is a unit for speed or velocity and is not related to work.

3. Which of the following sets of valves is primarily responsible for preventing blood flow from major blood vessels to the heart?

• A. atrioventricular valves
• B. semilunar valves
• C. tricuspid valves
• D. bicuspid valves

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: semilunar valves. Semilunar valves are primarily responsible for preventing blood flow from major blood vessels to the heart. These valves are located at the base of the aorta and the pulmonary artery, ensuring blood flows in one direction only by closing when the ventricles relax to prevent blood from flowing back into the heart. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Atrioventricular valves (choice A) include the tricuspid and bicuspid valves, which prevent backflow between the atria and ventricles, not major blood vessels. Tricuspid valves (choice C) and bicuspid valves (choice D) are specific types of atrioventricular valves located between the atria and ventricles, not at the base of major blood vessels.

4. Where is the gastrocnemius vein in relation to the femoral vein?

• A. Lateral
• B. Distal
• C. Superior
• D. Ventral

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The gastrocnemius vein is located lateral to the femoral vein. In anatomical terms, lateral refers to the direction towards the side of the body or away from the midline. In this case, the gastrocnemius vein is positioned to the side of the femoral vein. The term 'distal' refers to being further away from the point of reference, 'superior' indicates a higher position, and 'ventral' refers to the front or anterior aspect of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Lateral.

5. Where does glycolysis occur within the cell?

• A. Cytosol
• B. Nucleus
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, the liquid component of the cytoplasm, not in the nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum. It is the initial step in cellular respiration and involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid. The process takes place in the cytosol as it does not require membrane-bound organelles like the mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum for its completion.

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