ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Maternal Newborn
1. A client who has been prescribed oral contraception receives education from a nurse. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further education?
- A. If I miss one pill, I'll take it as soon as possible
- B. If I miss two pills, I'll double up for two days
- C. If I miss three pills, I'll double up each day until back on schedule
- D. I'll use an alternative form of contraception if I miss more than two pills
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct course of action after missing oral contraceptive pills depends on how many pills are missed. If three pills are missed, the client should not 'double up' but rather follow the manufacturer's instructions and use an alternative form of contraception until the next cycle. Taking too many pills at once increases the risk of side effects without restoring contraceptive protection. Choices A, B, and D demonstrate understanding of the correct actions to take after missing a pill or two, emphasizing the importance of not doubling up but following specific guidelines to maintain effectiveness and safety.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of hydrocodone. Which of the following should the healthcare professional assess first?
- A. Respiratory rate
- B. Blood pressure
- C. Pain level
- D. Heart rate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When administering hydrocodone, a healthcare professional should assess the respiratory rate first because hydrocodone is an opioid that can lead to respiratory depression. Monitoring the respiratory rate helps to detect any signs of respiratory distress or depression early on. Assessing blood pressure, pain level, or heart rate is also important but not the priority when administering hydrocodone, as the risk of respiratory depression is a more critical concern.
3. A healthcare professional is assessing a client in the PACU. Which finding indicates decreased cardiac output?
- A. Shivering
- B. Oliguria
- C. Bradypnea
- D. Constricted pupils
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oliguria. Oliguria (low urine output) is a sign of decreased cardiac output because the kidneys are not receiving enough blood to produce an adequate amount of urine. Shivering (choice A) is a response to hypothermia or the body's attempt to generate heat. Bradypnea (choice C) refers to abnormally slow breathing rate and is not directly related to cardiac output. Constricted pupils (choice D) are more indicative of conditions affecting the nervous system or medications.
4. When reinforcing teaching about self-care with a patient who has pelvic inflammatory disease and does not speak English, what action by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Provide written instructions in English.
- B. Use family members as translators.
- C. Seek assistance from a facility-approved interpreter.
- D. Use online translation tools.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When communicating with a patient who does not speak English, it is crucial to seek assistance from a facility-approved interpreter. Using family members as translators can lead to inaccuracies, breaches in confidentiality, and discomfort for the patient. Online translation tools may not provide accurate or context-specific translations, which can result in misunderstandings. Providing written instructions in English would not be effective if the patient does not understand the language.
5. A nurse is providing teaching for a child who is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with milk
- B. Take with a glass of orange juice
- C. Take at bedtime
- D. Take with meals
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Take with a glass of orange juice.' Ferrous sulfate should be taken with orange juice (vitamin C) to enhance the absorption of iron. Taking it with milk (choice A) is not recommended as calcium can interfere with iron absorption. Taking it at bedtime (choice C) or with meals (choice D) may lead to decreased absorption due to interactions with other food or medications.
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