Nursing Elites

1. A client with myasthenia gravis is receiving pyridostigmine (Mestinon). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Constipation
• B. Hypertension
• C. Muscle weakness
• D. Bradycardia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. Pyridostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor used in myasthenia gravis, can lead to bradycardia as a side effect. Choice A, constipation, is not a common side effect of pyridostigmine. Choice B, hypertension, is unlikely as pyridostigmine is more likely to cause hypotension. Choice C, muscle weakness, is actually a symptom of myasthenia gravis itself and not a side effect of pyridostigmine.

2. The healthcare professional is planning a community health fair. Which of the following topics should be given the highest priority?

• A. blood pressure screening
• B. diabetes education
• C. smoking cessation
• D. nutrition and weight management

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In planning a community health fair, the highest priority should be given to blood pressure screening. This is because hypertension is a common and serious health issue that often goes undetected. Identifying individuals with high blood pressure early can lead to timely interventions and management, potentially preventing severe complications such as heart disease or stroke. While topics like diabetes education, smoking cessation, and nutrition are important, addressing blood pressure screening first aligns with the goal of early detection and prevention of a prevalent health concern.

3. A client tells the nurse he is fearful of planned surgery because of evil thoughts about a family member. What is the best initial response by the nurse?

• A. Call a chaplain
• B. Deny the feelings
• C. Cite recovery statistics
• D. Listen to the client

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to listen to the client. Listening allows the nurse to establish therapeutic communication, understand the client's fears and concerns, provide emotional support, and help alleviate anxiety. Calling a chaplain (Choice A) may be appropriate if the client requests spiritual support but should not be the initial response. Denying the feelings (Choice B) is dismissive and can hinder trust and communication. Citing recovery statistics (Choice C) is irrelevant and does not address the client's immediate emotional needs.

4. Which of the following best describes the concept of 'health disparity'?

• A. Differences in health outcomes and their determinants between different segments of the population
• B. Providing equal healthcare services to all individuals
• C. Access to healthcare services regardless of income
• D. High-quality healthcare for everyone

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Differences in health outcomes and their determinants between different segments of the population.' Health disparity refers to variations in health status or health care utilization between different groups. Choice B is incorrect because providing equal healthcare services to all individuals is related to health equity, not health disparity. Choice C is also incorrect as it refers to universal access to healthcare, which is different from health disparity. Choice D is incorrect as it describes the concept of high-quality healthcare for everyone, not health disparity.

5. During a home visit for a family with a new baby, what should the nurse assess first?

• A. feeding patterns
• B. sleeping arrangements
• C. support system
• D. immunization status

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Assessing feeding patterns is the priority during a home visit for a family with a new baby because it is crucial for the health and growth of the newborn. By evaluating the feeding patterns, the nurse can ensure that the baby is receiving adequate nutrition and address any feeding issues promptly. While sleeping arrangements, support system, and immunization status are important aspects to assess during a home visit, they are not as critical as ensuring the newborn's nutritional needs are being met.

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