Nursing Elites

1. A client is scheduled to have a blood test for cholesterol and triglycerides the next day. The nurse would tell the client

• A. ''Be sure to eat a fat-free diet until the test.''
• B. ''Do not eat or drink anything but water for 12 hours before the blood test.''
• C. ''Have the blood drawn within 2 hours of eating breakfast.''
• D. ''Stay at the laboratory so 2 blood samples can be drawn an hour apart.''

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fasting for at least 12 hours is necessary before a cholesterol and triglyceride test to ensure accurate results by avoiding fluctuations that can occur after eating. Choice A is incorrect because a fat-free diet is not required; fasting is. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests having the test right after eating, which can affect the results. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to stay at the laboratory for 2 blood samples unless specifically instructed by a healthcare provider.

2. A client has just returned to the medical-surgical unit following a segmental lung resection. After assessing the client, the first nursing action would be to:

• A. Administer pain medication
• B. Suction excessive tracheobronchial secretions
• C. Assist the client to turn, deep breathe, and cough
• D. Monitor oxygen saturation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After a segmental lung resection, the priority nursing action should be to suction excessive tracheobronchial secretions. This helps in preventing airway obstruction from secretions, ensuring the patency of the airway and optimizing respiratory function. Administering pain medication can be important but addressing airway clearance takes precedence. Assisting the client to turn, deep breathe, and cough is essential for respiratory hygiene but not the first action immediately post-op. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial, but ensuring airway clearance is the priority to prevent complications.

3. A traditional plant used to lower uric acid is used by Rosario, a 55-year-old client with rheumatism. This herbal plant called “ulasimang bato” is commonly known as:

• A. Lagundi
• B. Pancit pacitan
• C. Bayabas
• D. Sambong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Pancit pacitan (Peperomia pellucida), which is known for its uric acid-lowering properties. Ulasimang bato is the local name for this traditional plant. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Lagundi (Choice A) is commonly used for its antitussive and anti-asthmatic properties. Bayabas (Choice C) refers to guava, which is known for its high vitamin C content and other health benefits. Sambong (Choice D) is used for its diuretic properties and is often utilized for kidney health.

4. A 6-month-old infant who is being treated for developmental dysplasia of the hip has been placed in a hip spica cast. The nurse should teach the parents to

• A. Gently rub the skin with a cotton swab to relieve itching
• B. Place the favorite books and push-pull toys in the crib
• C. Check every few hours for the next day or 2 for swelling in the baby's feet
• D. Turn the baby with the abduction stabilizer bar every 2 hours

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to check every few hours for the next day or 2 for swelling in the baby's feet. Swelling in the baby's feet could indicate compromised circulation due to the cast, and frequent checks are necessary to ensure that there are no complications. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because rubbing the skin with a cotton swab, placing favorite items in the crib, and turning the baby with the abduction stabilizer bar do not address the potential issue of compromised circulation and swelling in the baby's feet.

5. A young child is admitted for treatment of lead poisoning. The nurse recognizes that the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning is

• A. Central nervous system damage
• B. Moderate anemia
• C. Renal tubule damage
• D. Growth impairment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Chronic lead poisoning can lead to severe and irreversible damage to the central nervous system, including cognitive and developmental delays. Central nervous system damage is the most serious effect of chronic lead poisoning because it can have long-lasting consequences on a child's cognitive function and overall development. Moderate anemia (Choice B), renal tubule damage (Choice C), and growth impairment (Choice D) can also occur due to lead poisoning, but they are not as severe or potentially irreversible as the damage to the central nervous system.

Similar Questions