Nursing Elites

1. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Pneumonia. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent complications associated with Pneumonia?

• A. Encourage mobilization and ambulation
• B. Encourage energy conservation with complete bed rest
• C. Provide humidified oxygen via nasal cannula
• D. Restrict oral (PO) and intravenous fluids

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct intervention to prevent complications associated with pneumonia is to encourage mobilization and ambulation. These activities help prevent complications such as atelectasis by promoting lung expansion. Encouraging energy conservation with complete bed rest (Choice B) is not ideal as it can lead to complications like muscle weakness and decreased lung expansion. Providing humidified oxygen via nasal cannula (Choice C) is important in pneumonia treatment but does not directly prevent complications associated with pneumonia itself. Restricting oral (PO) and intravenous fluids (Choice D) is not recommended as adequate hydration is crucial for pneumonia patients to maintain respiratory function and overall health.

2. Which structures are located in the subcutaneous layer of the skin?

• A. Sebaceous and sweat glands
• B. Melanin and keratin
• C. Sensory receptors and hair follicles
• D. Adipose cells and blood vessels

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adipose cells and blood vessels. The subcutaneous layer, also known as the hypodermis, primarily consists of adipose (fat) tissue and blood vessels. Adipose tissue provides insulation, energy storage, and cushioning, while blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen. Sebaceous and sweat glands are located in the dermis, which is the layer beneath the epidermis. Melanin and keratin are components of the epidermis, responsible for skin color and waterproofing, respectively. Sensory receptors and hair follicles are found in the dermis and extend into the subcutaneous layer but are not exclusive to it.

3. A client with a history of stroke presents with dysphagia. What is the most important nursing intervention to prevent aspiration?

• A. Encourage the client to drink water between meals
• B. Position the client in a high-Fowler's position during meals
• C. Provide the client with thickened liquids
• D. Allow the client to eat quickly

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Position the client in a high-Fowler's position during meals. Placing the client in a high-Fowler's position (sitting upright at a 90-degree angle) helps reduce the risk of aspiration by ensuring that the airway is protected during swallowing. This position facilitates easier swallowing and decreases the likelihood of food or liquids entering the respiratory tract. Encouraging the client to drink water between meals (choice A) does not directly address the risk of aspiration during meals. Providing thickened liquids (choice C) may be necessary for some patients with dysphagia but is not the most important intervention to prevent aspiration. Allowing the client to eat quickly (choice D) without proper positioning and precautions can increase the risk of aspiration.

4. The nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client who will undergo a thyroidectomy. What information should the nurse include about postoperative care?

• A. Importance of maintaining neck stability
• B. How to care for the surgical drain
• C. Pain management strategies
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Providing preoperative teaching for a client undergoing a thyroidectomy is essential to prepare them for postoperative care. Information about the importance of maintaining neck stability is crucial to prevent complications such as strain on the surgical site. Teaching the client how to care for the surgical drain is important to prevent infections, ensure proper wound healing, and aid in monitoring postoperative recovery. Pain management strategies are vital to ensure the client's comfort and promote optimal recovery. Including all these aspects in preoperative teaching ensures the client is well-prepared for comprehensive postoperative care. Therefore, the correct answer is D because all these elements are essential components of postoperative care for a client undergoing a thyroidectomy. Choices A, B, and C are all important aspects of postoperative care that the nurse should include in the preoperative teaching session.

5. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which intervention should the nurse implement to promote airway clearance?

• A. Administer bronchodilators as prescribed.
• B. Encourage increased fluid intake.
• C. Perform chest physiotherapy.
• D. Provide humidified oxygen.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging increased fluid intake is the most appropriate intervention to promote airway clearance in a client with pneumonia. Adequate hydration helps to thin respiratory secretions, making it easier for the client to cough up and clear the airways. Administering bronchodilators (Choice A) may help with bronchospasm but does not directly promote airway clearance. Chest physiotherapy (Choice C) can be beneficial in certain cases but may not be the initial intervention for promoting airway clearance. Providing humidified oxygen (Choice D) can help improve oxygenation but does not specifically target airway clearance in pneumonia.

Similar Questions