Nursing Elites

1. A client is admitted for COPD. Which finding would require the nurse's immediate attention?

• A. Nausea and vomiting
• B. Restlessness and confusion
• C. Low-grade fever and cough
• D. Irritating cough and liquefied sputum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Restlessness and confusion are signs of hypoxia and hypercapnia in a client with COPD, indicating that the client's condition may be deteriorating rapidly. Immediate attention is necessary to prevent further complications. Nausea and vomiting (Choice A) may be related to various factors but do not directly indicate respiratory distress. Low-grade fever and cough (Choice C) are common in COPD and may not require immediate intervention. Irritating cough and liquefied sputum (Choice D) are typical symptoms of COPD exacerbation but do not signal an immediate need for attention as restlessness and confusion.

2. In providing comprehensive family health care, the nurse utilizes four (4) basic processes. These are listed in the order in which they are carried out as follows:

• A. assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation
• B. assessment, intervention, planning, and evaluation
• C. planning, assessment, intervention, and evaluation
• D. planning, intervention, evaluation, and assessment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct order for the basic processes in providing comprehensive family health care is assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step to gather information, followed by planning to set goals and strategies, then intervention to implement the plan, and finally evaluation to assess the outcomes. Choice A is correct as it follows this logical sequence. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct order of these essential processes in nursing care.

3. A community health nurse is conducting a neighborhood discussion group about disaster planning. What information regarding the transmission of anthrax should the nurse provide to the group?

• A. Infection is acquired when anthrax spores enter a host.
• B. Mature anthrax bacteria live dormant on inanimate objects.
• C. Spores cannot survive for extended periods outside of a living host.
• D. Anthrax is transmitted by respiratory droplets from person to person.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct information that the nurse should provide to the group is that anthrax infection occurs when spores enter a host. Choice B is incorrect because mature anthrax bacteria do not live dormant on inanimate objects. Choice C is incorrect because anthrax spores can survive for extended periods outside of a living host. Choice D is incorrect because anthrax is not transmitted by respiratory droplets from person to person; it is acquired through spores entering a host.

4. When a nurse from the surgical department is reassigned to the pediatric unit, the charge nurse should recognize that the child at highest risk for cardiac arrest and is the least likely to be assigned to this nurse is which child?

• A. Congenital cardiac defects
• B. An acute febrile illness
• C. Prolonged hypoxemia
• D. Severe multiple trauma

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Prolonged hypoxemia.' Prolonged hypoxemia is a critical condition that requires specialized pediatric care due to the high risk of cardiac arrest. The other choices, such as congenital cardiac defects, acute febrile illness, and severe multiple trauma, may also require attention, but prolonged hypoxemia poses the highest risk for cardiac arrest and demands specialized expertise in managing pediatric patients with this condition.

5. In order to facilitate the planning and implementation of an income-generating project in a barangay, which of the following actions should the Public Health Nurse NOT do?

• A. Form working groups or committees
• B. Enlist the help of technical professionals for training and guiding the people
• C. Form a core group to coordinate the various projects
• D. Give the people complete freedom to do what they want

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Giving people complete freedom without any guidance or structure can lead to disorganization, lack of focus, and ultimately project failure. In the context of implementing an income-generating project, it is crucial to provide support, direction, and coordination to ensure the project's success. Forming working groups, enlisting technical professionals for training, and establishing a core group for coordination are essential steps to enhance efficiency, productivity, and the overall success of the project.

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