Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following terms refers to the degeneration of nerve tissue?

• A. Potentiation
• B. Demyelination
• C. Reuptake
• D. Neurogenesis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Demyelination specifically refers to the degeneration of the myelin sheath that covers nerve fibers. When demyelination occurs, nerve function and communication can be impaired. Potentiation involves the strengthening of synaptic connections, reuptake is the reabsorption process of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic neuron, and neurogenesis is the generation of new neurons. Therefore, the correct term for the degeneration of nerve tissue among the options provided is demyelination.

2. What correction should the student make to the hypothesis: Lengthening the string of the pendulum increases the time it takes the ball to make one complete period?

• A. Turn it into an 'if-then' statement.
• B. Change 'will increase' to 'increases.'
• C. Switch the order of the sentence so that the phrase about the period comes first.
• D. No corrections are needed.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A hypothesis should be structured as an 'if-then' statement for clarity. This format helps to clearly establish the relationship between the variables and the expected outcome. In this case, the student should frame the hypothesis in a way that if a specific action is taken (lengthening the string), then a specific outcome is expected (increasing the time it takes for the ball to make one complete period). 'If-then' statements are fundamental in hypothesis construction as they clearly define the cause and effect relationship being tested. Choice B is incorrect because changing 'will increase' to 'increases' does not address the structural issue of the hypothesis. Choice C is incorrect as switching the order of the sentence does not fundamentally alter the clarity of the hypothesis. Choice D is incorrect as the hypothesis structure can be improved for better understanding and testing, making correction necessary.

3. According to the periodic table, which of the following elements is the least reactive?

• A. Fluorine
• B. Silicon
• C. Neon
• D. Gallium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Neon is the least reactive among the given elements because it belongs to the noble gases group in the periodic table. Noble gases have a full valence shell of electrons, making them highly stable and least likely to react with other elements. Fluorine is the most reactive non-metal due to its high electronegativity. Silicon is a metalloid with moderate reactivity, falling between metals and nonmetals. Gallium is a metal with higher reactivity compared to Neon, but it is not as reactive as Fluorine.

4. Which term describes the quantity of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms or grams?

• A. Weight
• B. Mass
• C. Volume
• D. Density

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mass is the quantity of matter in an object and is commonly measured in kilograms or grams. It is a fundamental property of matter and remains constant regardless of the object's location. Weight, in contrast, refers to the force of gravity acting on an object and is measured in newtons. Volume represents the amount of space an object occupies and is typically measured in cubic units like cubic meters or cubic centimeters. Density, on the other hand, is the mass of an object per unit volume, and its unit is, for example, kilograms per cubic meter. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Mass' as it specifically describes the quantity of matter in an object, regardless of the gravitational pull on it. 'Weight,' 'Volume,' and 'Density' do not directly represent the quantity of matter in an object but rather different properties related to it.

5. During REM sleep, which type of brain wave activity is often seen and associated with dreaming?

• A. Delta waves
• B. Alpha waves
• C. Beta waves
• D. Theta waves

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Theta waves are the correct answer as they are often seen during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, the stage of sleep closely related to dreaming. Theta waves have a frequency of 4-7 Hz and are typically present during deep relaxation, meditation, and light sleep stages. Delta waves (choice A) are associated with deep sleep stages, not REM sleep. Alpha waves (choice B) are present during wakefulness and relaxation but not predominantly during REM sleep. Beta waves (choice C) are associated with alertness, problem-solving, and active thinking, not specifically with REM sleep or dreaming.

Similar Questions