Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of mitosis?

• A. The replication of DNA
• B. The condensation of chromosomes
• C. The separation of sister chromatids
• D. The formation of haploid cells

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: A) The replication of DNA is a characteristic of mitosis. Before cell division occurs, the DNA is replicated to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. B) The condensation of chromosomes is a characteristic of mitosis. During mitosis, the chromosomes condense and become visible under a microscope as distinct structures. C) The separation of sister chromatids is a crucial step in mitosis. During anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite poles of the cell to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. D) The formation of haploid cells is NOT a characteristic of mitosis. Mitosis results in the formation of two identical diploid daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Haploid cells are typically formed through the process of meiosis, not mitosis.

2. What are the seven components of the digestive system?

• A. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas
• B. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
• C. Esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
• D. Pharynx, stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The seven components of the digestive system are the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. The mouth begins the process of digestion by chewing and mixing food with saliva. The pharynx serves as a passageway for food and air. The esophagus transports food from the mouth to the stomach. The stomach aids in digestion and acts as a temporary storage site. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients occur. The large intestine absorbs water and salts, forming feces. The rectum stores feces until they are eliminated through the anus. The other choices are incorrect as they do not list all seven essential components of the digestive system.

3. Which structure do cells rely on for movement?

• A. Flagellum
• B. Microtubule
• C. Pili
• D. Vesicle

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flagellum. Cells rely on flagella for movement, which are whip-like structures that propel the cell forward through their whipping motion. Flagella provide motility to single-celled organisms and certain cells in multicellular organisms. Microtubules, on the other hand, provide structural support to the cell and play a role in intracellular transport. Pili are short, hair-like structures used for attachment to surfaces or other cells, not for movement. Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs involved in intracellular transport, aiding in the movement of substances within the cell, but not in the movement of the cell itself.

4. What is the scientific term for scar tissue?

• A. Epithelial tissue
• B. Fibrous connective tissue
• C. Cartilage
• D. Adipose tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct scientific term for scar tissue is fibrous connective tissue. Scar tissue is primarily composed of fibrous connective tissue, which forms as part of the body's natural healing process in response to injury or trauma. Epithelial tissue, cartilage, and adipose tissue are not typically involved in scar formation. Therefore, the correct answer is fibrous connective tissue, as it is the specific type of tissue that makes up scar tissue.

5. Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is true?

• A. It controls involuntary functions
• B. It contains motor (efferent) neurons
• C. It contains sensory (afferent) neurons
• D. It contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for controlling involuntary functions and contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not fully capture the role of the ANS. While the ANS does control involuntary functions, this is a broader concept than just the reflex arc. While the ANS does contain motor (efferent) neurons, it also includes sensory (afferent) neurons, which are not specifically mentioned in the question. Therefore, choice C is not fully accurate. Choice D provides the most accurate and comprehensive description of the autonomic nervous system by highlighting its components, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, which work together to regulate various bodily functions.

Similar Questions