ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 practice test free science
1. Which of the following is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products?
- A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- B. Ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH)
- C. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
- D. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products due to its effectiveness in breaking down grease and fats. It is known for its corrosive properties and is commonly found in drain cleaners and oven cleaners. While ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide are also bases, they are not as strong as sodium hydroxide and are not as commonly used in cleaning products. Ammonium hydroxide is more commonly found in household cleaning products for its disinfectant properties, calcium hydroxide is used in agriculture and construction, and potassium hydroxide is often used in industries like soap manufacturing and biodiesel production.
2. Which of the following is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat?
- A. Aorta
- B. Pulmonary veins
- C. Coronary arteries
- D. Sinoatrial (SA) node
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat. It is often referred to as the heart's natural pacemaker because it initiates the electrical signals that coordinate the heart's contractions. The other options listed (Aorta, Pulmonary veins, Coronary arteries) do not play a direct role in generating the electrical impulses for the heartbeat. The Aorta is a large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, the Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart, and the Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle itself, but none of them are involved in generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.
3. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach?
- A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- B. Diverticulitis
- C. Ulcerative colitis
- D. Gastritis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Gastritis is the correct answer as it is characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach. This inflammation can be caused by various factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), infections, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms of gastritis may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is incorrect because it involves the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation, not inflammation of the stomach lining. Diverticulitis refers to inflammation or infection of small pouches that can form in the walls of the colon, not the stomach. Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum, not the stomach lining.
4. Which of these pairs represents an example of convergent evolution?
- A. Humans and chimpanzees
- B. Bats and birds
- C. Dolphins and sharks
- D. Snakes and earthworms
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Convergent evolution refers to the process by which different species independently evolve similar traits or characteristics due to similar environmental pressures. In the case of bats and birds, both have evolved wings for flight despite not sharing a recent common ancestor with wings. Bats are mammals, while birds are avians, yet they both have wings adapted for flight, which is a classic example of convergent evolution. A) Humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor and have not independently evolved similar traits. C) Dolphins and sharks are not closely related, and their similarities are due to adaptations to their aquatic environment rather than convergent evolution. D) Snakes and earthworms belong to different classes (reptiles and annelids, respectively) and do not share recent common ancestors, making their similarities not a result of convergent evolution.
5. Which of the following correctly identifies a difference between the primary and secondary immune response?
- A. In the secondary response, macrophages migrate to the lymph nodes to present the foreign microorganism to helper T lymphocytes.
- B. The humoral immunity that characterizes the primary response is coordinated by B lymphocytes.
- C. The primary response is quicker and more powerful than the secondary response.
- D. Suppressor T cells are activated in the secondary response to prevent an overactive immune response.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The primary immune response is slower and less powerful compared to the secondary immune response. During the primary response, immune cells encounter the antigen for the first time, necessitating the activation and proliferation of specific immune cells. In contrast, the secondary response benefits from memory cells that quickly recognize the antigen, enabling a faster and more potent immune response. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. While macrophages play a role in presenting antigens to T cells, this is not a defining difference between primary and secondary responses. Humoral immunity involves B lymphocytes in both primary and secondary responses, so it does not differentiate the two. Suppressor T cells primarily function to regulate the immune response but are not a key factor distinguishing primary from secondary responses.
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