Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best describes the relationship in this set of data?

• A. High positive correlation
• B. Low positive correlation
• C. Low negative correlation
• D. No correlation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Low positive correlation.' In a low positive correlation, the variables tend to increase together, but the relationship is not strong. This description fits the data set provided. Choice A, 'High positive correlation,' is incorrect because the correlation is not strong. Choice C, 'Low negative correlation,' is incorrect as the variables are not decreasing together. Choice D, 'No correlation,' is incorrect because there is a relationship between the variables, albeit weak.

2. How many kiloliters are in 147 liters?

• A. 0.147 kiloliters
• B. 1.47 kiloliters
• C. 1,470 kiloliters
• D. 147,000 kiloliters

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To convert liters to kiloliters, divide by 1000 since there are 1000 liters in a kiloliter. Therefore, 147 liters = 0.147 kiloliters. Choice B is incorrect as it incorrectly moves the decimal point. Choices C and D are significantly larger than the correct answer, indicating an incorrect conversion factor used.

3. What is the median of the data set below: 5, -3, 10, -2, 0?

• A. 10
• B. 0
• C. 5
• D. 2

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To find the median, we first need to arrange the data set in ascending order: -3, -2, 0, 5, 10. The median is the middle value in the ordered set. As there are 5 numbers, the middle value is the third number, which is 0. Therefore, the correct answer is 0. Choice A (10) and Choice D (2) are not correct because they are not the middle values once the data set is ordered. Choice C (5) is also incorrect as it is not the middle value in the ordered data set.

4. A teacher asked all the students in the class which days of the week they get up after 8 a.m. Which of the following is the best way to display the frequency for each day of the week?

• A. Histogram
• B. Pie chart
• C. Bar graph
• D. Scatter plot

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A histogram is the best way to display the frequency for each day of the week in this scenario. Histograms are ideal for showing the distribution of numerical data by dividing it into intervals and representing the frequency of each interval with bars. In this case, each day of the week can be represented as a category with the frequency of students getting up after 8 a.m. displayed on the vertical axis. Choice B, a pie chart, would not be suitable for this scenario as it is more appropriate for showing parts of a whole, not frequency distributions. Choice C, a bar graph, could potentially work but is more commonly used to compare different categories rather than displaying frequency distribution data. Choice D, a scatter plot, is used to show the relationship between two variables and is not the best choice for displaying frequency for each day of the week.

5. Which measure for the center of a small sample set would be most affected by outliers?

• A. Mean
• B. Median
• C. Mode
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The mean is calculated by summing all values in a dataset and then dividing by the total number of values. Outliers, which are data points significantly different from the other values, can greatly impact the mean because they affect the sum. The mean is sensitive to extreme values, making it the measure for the center of a small sample set most affected by outliers. The median, on the other hand, is not influenced by outliers as it represents the middle value when the data points are ordered. The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the dataset and is not directly influenced by outliers. Therefore, the correct answer is the mean, as it is highly influenced by outliers in a small sample set.

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