what type of immunity does a vaccine provide choose only one best answer

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS Practice Test Science

1. What type of immunity does a vaccine provide? Choose only ONE best answer.

A. Naturally acquired passive immunity
B. Artificially acquired passive immunity
C. Naturally acquired active immunity
D. Artificially acquired active immunity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Artificially acquired active immunity. Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to produce an active response, leading to the development of immunity against specific pathogens. Choice A, naturally acquired passive immunity, is incorrect as it refers to the temporary immunity passed from mother to child, not through vaccines. Choice B, artificially acquired passive immunity, is also incorrect because passive immunity involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies, not the stimulation of the immune system by vaccines. Choice C, naturally acquired active immunity, is incorrect since it is acquired through natural exposure to pathogens, not through vaccines.

2. Which of the following statements is true about an allergic reaction?

A. An allergic reaction, such as hives or wheezing, results from overactive body systems such as the integumentary and respiratory systems.
B. An allergic reaction is a result of overactive B-cells in the body that release various immunoglobulins.
C. An allergic reaction is caused by overactive mast cells in the body, which are stimulated by Immunoglobulin E.
D. An allergic reaction involves substances like histamine, keratin, and collagen.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Mast cells are responsible for releasing histamine and other chemicals during an allergic response. Choice A is incorrect because hives and wheezing are symptoms of an allergic reaction, not the causes. Choice B is incorrect as B-cells are not directly involved in allergic reactions. Choice D is incorrect as keratin and collagen are not typically involved in allergic reactions, and histamine is released by mast cells.

3. If every child in a certain family suffers from autism, what possible conclusion can be drawn about autism?

A. Autism may be lethal.
B. Autism may be genetic.
C. Autism is related to traditional nuclear family structures.
D. No conclusion can be drawn based on this evidence.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The possible conclusion that can be drawn from every child in a certain family suffering from autism is that autism may be genetic. The fact that every child in the family has autism suggests a strong genetic influence on the condition within this particular family. This does not necessarily mean that autism is solely genetic in all cases, but in this specific family, the pattern of all children being affected points towards a genetic connection. Choice A is incorrect as the information provided does not suggest that autism is lethal. Choice C is incorrect as there is no evidence to support a relationship between autism and traditional nuclear family structures. Choice D is incorrect because a conclusion can be drawn from the given evidence, indicating a potential genetic link within this specific family.

4. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tough connective tissues called

A. Ligaments
B. Tendons
C. Cartilage
D. Fascia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by tough connective tissues called tendons. Tendons are strong, fibrous cords that connect muscles to bones, allowing for movement and stability in the body. Ligaments (option A) connect bones to other bones, not muscles to bones. Cartilage (option C) is firm and flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body, but it does not attach muscles to bones. Fascia (option D) is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles, providing support and protection, but it does not directly attach muscles to bones.

5. Which of the following factors does not strengthen a scientific argument?

A. Lack of bias
B. Extensive use of qualitative research and data
C. Able to be reproduced and repeated by others
D. Withstands the test of time

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. While qualitative data can provide valuable insights, it does not inherently strengthen a scientific argument to the same extent as quantitative data. Quantitative data is generally more precise, measurable, and easier to verify, making it a stronger basis for scientific arguments. Choices A, C, and D all contribute to strengthening a scientific argument. Lack of bias ensures objectivity and reliability, reproducibility by others validates the findings, and standing the test of time indicates the enduring validity and reliability of the argument.