Nursing Elites

1. What phenomenon explains the bending of light as it passes around an obstacle or through an aperture?

• A. Refraction
• B. Reflection
• C. Diffraction
• D. Dispersion

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Diffraction is the phenomenon that explains the bending of light as it passes around an obstacle or through an aperture. When light encounters an obstacle or passes through an aperture, it diffracts, causing it to bend around the edges. Refraction, on the other hand, occurs when light passes from one medium to another, causing it to change direction. Reflection involves the bouncing back of light rays from a surface, and dispersion is the separation of light into its different colors. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as diffraction specifically addresses the bending of light as it interacts with obstacles or apertures, unlike the other choices that describe different optical phenomena.

2. In which direction do the particles of the medium move in a transverse wave?

• A. Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
• B. Parallel to the direction of wave travel
• C. In a circular motion
• D. Opposite to the direction of wave travel

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a transverse wave, the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. This means that the particles move up and down or side to side as the wave passes through the medium. This motion creates crests and troughs in the wave, leading to the characteristic oscillation observed in transverse waves. Choice B is incorrect because in transverse waves, the particle movement is not parallel to the direction of wave travel. Choice C is incorrect as the particles do not move in a circular motion in a transverse wave. Choice D is incorrect as the particles do not move opposite to the direction of wave travel; they move perpendicular to it.

3. What type of particle carries no charge and mediates the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons?

• A. Electron
• B. Photon
• C. Gluon
• D. Neutrino

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gluon. Gluons are the particles responsible for mediating the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons. They are the carriers of this force. Choice A, Electron, is incorrect as electrons are negatively charged. Choice B, Photon, is incorrect as photons are chargeless particles of light. Choice D, Neutrino, is incorrect as neutrinos are neutral particles with minimal mass and weak interactions with matter, not involved in mediating the strong nuclear force between protons and neutrons.

4. What is the main factor limiting population growth in K-strategists?

• A. Predation
• B. Availability of resources
• C. Competition
• D. Disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: K-strategists are species with a low reproductive rate that invest more resources in raising fewer offspring. These species typically live in stable environments with limited resources. The main factor limiting population growth in K-strategists is the availability of resources such as food, shelter, and space. When resources are scarce, K-strategists may struggle to find enough to support their population size, leading to reduced reproductive success and population growth. While predation, competition, and disease can also impact population growth, the primary limiting factor for K-strategists is the availability of resources.

5. Which of the following is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in adaptive immunity by seeking out, attacking, and destroying targeted pathogens?

• A. memory B cells
• B. neutrophils
• C. antibodies
• D. cytotoxic T cells

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is cytotoxic T cells. Cytotoxic T cells are a type of white blood cell that is crucial in adaptive immunity. They are specialized in recognizing and destroying infected or abnormal cells in the body. Neutrophils are primarily involved in innate immunity, providing rapid response to infections. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells and are essential in specific immune responses, but they do not directly attack pathogens. Memory B cells are part of the adaptive immune response, responsible for mounting a quicker and stronger response upon re-exposure to a pathogen. However, they do not directly seek out and destroy pathogens like cytotoxic T cells do.

Similar Questions