Nursing Elites

1. What is the role of bile in digestion?

• A. To break down carbohydrates
• B. To emulsify fats
• C. To neutralize stomach acid
• D. To absorb proteins

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for easier digestion.

2. Identify the element with the electron configuration: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6. To which group and period does this element belong?

• A. Group 16, Period 3
• B. Group 14, Period 3
• C. Group 18, Period 3
• D. Group 17, Period 2

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The given electron configuration matches that of Argon, an element found in Group 18 of the periodic table. This element is in the third period, as indicated by the highest energy level (n=3) where electrons are present. Therefore, the correct answer is Group 18, Period 3. Choice A (Group 16, Period 3) corresponds to sulfur, not the given electron configuration. Choice B (Group 14, Period 3) corresponds to silicon, not the given electron configuration. Choice D (Group 17, Period 2) corresponds to chlorine, which is in Period 3 but not in Group 18, making it incorrect for the given electron configuration.

3. Which element has the highest melting point of any element?

• A. Tungsten
• B. Iron
• C. Platinum
• D. Carbon

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Among the choices provided, carbon, in the form of diamond, has the highest melting point of any element. Diamond's strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms make it incredibly resistant to heat and pressure, giving it the highest melting point compared to tungsten, iron, and platinum. Tungsten is known for its high melting point among metals but not as high as carbon. Iron and platinum have lower melting points compared to carbon, making them incorrect choices in this context.

4. Which hormone primarily triggers ovulation in the female menstrual cycle?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Progesterone
• C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
• D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Luteinizing hormone (LH) is the hormone primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the female menstrual cycle. LH surge occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle, causing the mature follicle to release an egg from the ovary. Estrogen and progesterone play crucial roles in regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the endometrium for potential implantation of a fertilized egg, but they do not trigger ovulation directly. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is essential for the development of ovarian follicles but is not the primary hormone responsible for ovulation. Therefore, the correct answer is Luteinizing hormone (LH) as it directly initiates the release of the egg during ovulation.

5. Which vitamin is crucial for calcium absorption and synthesized in the skin upon sun exposure?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin E

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption as it helps regulate calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, UVB rays convert a compound in the skin to vitamin D. This vitamin is vital for maintaining bone health and ensuring the overall calcium balance in the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function, Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis and immune function, and Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage by free radicals. However, none of these vitamins are primarily responsible for calcium absorption and synthesized in the skin upon sun exposure.

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