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1. What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to newborns?
- A. To prevent jaundice
- B. To boost the immune system
- C. To prevent bleeding disorders
- D. To enhance bone development
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent bleeding disorders. Newborns are born with low levels of Vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting. Administering Vitamin K helps prevent bleeding disorders in newborns.
2. Which demographic tool may be used to describe the sex composition of the population?
- A. Sex ratio
- B. Sex proportion
- C. Population pyramid
- D. Any of these may be used
Correct answer: D
Rationale: To describe the sex composition of the population, both the sex ratio and sex proportion can be utilized. The sex ratio provides a numerical comparison of the number of males to females in a population, while the sex proportion expresses the relative number or percentage of males and females in a given population. On the other hand, a population pyramid is a graphical representation that shows the age and sex distribution of a population. Therefore, any of these tools may be used to analyze and present the sex composition of a population.
3. A woman, 6 months pregnant, came to the center for consultation. Which of the following substances is contraindicated?
- A. Tetanus toxoid
- B. Retinol 200,000 IU
- C. Ferrous sulfate 200mg
- D. Potassium iodate 200 mg capsule
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Retinol 200,000 IU, which is a form of megadose Vitamin A, is contraindicated in pregnancy as it may have teratogenic effects, potentially harming the developing fetus. It is important to avoid high doses of Vitamin A during pregnancy to prevent adverse outcomes.
4. Public health services are given free of charge. Is this statement true or false?
- A. The statement is true; it is the responsibility of government to provide these services
- B. The statement is false; people pay indirectly for public health services
- C. The statement may be true or false; depending on the Specific service required
- D. The statement may be true or false; depending on policies of the government concerned.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Community health services, including public health services, are prepaid paid services, through taxation, for example.
5. Which of the following is a natality rate?
- A. Crude birth rate
- B. Neonatal mortality rate
- C. Infant mortality rate
- D. General fertility rate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crude birth rate. Natality refers to birth, making the crude birth rate a measure of the number of live births in a given population over a specific period of time. It is an essential indicator in demography and public health to understand population dynamics.
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