ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Practice Test Science
1. What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To break down proteins
- C. To neutralize stomach acid
- D. To regulate body temperature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To break down proteins.' The primary function of the stomach in the digestive system is to break down proteins using gastric acid and enzymes. The stomach's acidic environment aids in protein digestion and prepares food for further processing in the small intestine. Choice A is incorrect because nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the stomach. Choice C is incorrect because the stomach actually produces stomach acid to aid in digestion, not to neutralize it. Choice D is incorrect because regulating body temperature is not a primary function of the stomach within the digestive system.
2. Which type of cell has a nucleus but lacks membrane-bound organelles?
- A. Plant cell
- B. Prokaryotic cell
- C. Animal cell
- D. Fungal cell
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells are characterized by having a nucleus that is not enclosed within a membrane (nuclear envelope) and lacking membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Plant, animal, and fungal cells are eukaryotic cells, which have a true nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope and contain membrane-bound organelles. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect as they all represent eukaryotic cells that possess membrane-bound organelles.
3. Which statement about white blood cells is true?
- A. B cells are responsible for antibody production.
- B. White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow before entering the bloodstream.
- C. Platelets, a specialized class of blood cells, function to clot blood and stop bleeding.
- D. The majority of white blood cells are active throughout life, providing immunity across all age groups.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: B cells, a type of white blood cell, are responsible for producing antibodies in response to pathogens. Antibodies play a crucial role in identifying and neutralizing foreign substances like bacteria and viruses in the body, aiding in the immune response and protecting against infections. This function is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system. White blood cells, including B cells, are produced in the bone marrow before entering the bloodstream. Platelets, not white blood cells, are a specialized class of blood cells that function to clot blood and stop bleeding. While white blood cells provide immunity, not all of them are active throughout life as some have specific lifespans and functions.
4. What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms?
- A. Transfer bond
- B. Static bond
- C. Covalent bond
- D. Ionic bond
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Ionic bond.' An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms. In an ionic bond, one atom donates electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions that are attracted to each other, creating a strong bond. Choice A, 'Transfer bond,' is incorrect because there is no common term known as a 'Transfer bond' in chemistry. Choice B, 'Static bond,' is incorrect as it does not describe the process of electron transfer between atoms. Choice C, 'Covalent bond,' is incorrect because in a covalent bond, electrons are shared between atoms rather than transferred outright, making it different from an ionic bond.
5. What is the involuntary muscle tissue found in the walls of blood vessels and organs like the stomach and intestines?
- A. Skeletal muscle
- B. Cardiac muscle
- C. Smooth muscle
- D. Striated muscle
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Smooth muscle is the correct answer. It is the involuntary muscle tissue found in the walls of blood vessels and organs like the stomach and intestines. Smooth muscle is responsible for various involuntary movements in the body, such as peristalsis in the digestive system and regulating blood flow in blood vessels. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones for movement. Cardiac muscle is specific to the heart and not found in blood vessel walls or organs like the stomach and intestines. Striated muscle refers to both skeletal and cardiac muscle due to their striped appearance under a microscope, but it does not specifically describe the involuntary muscle tissue in the walls of blood vessels and organs as asked in the question.
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