ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 with NGN
1. What is the nurse's priority when caring for a client with a tracheostomy who is showing signs of respiratory distress?
- A. Administer a bronchodilator
- B. Suction the tracheostomy
- C. Notify the physician immediately
- D. Increase the oxygen flow rate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to suction the tracheostomy. When a client with a tracheostomy is experiencing respiratory distress, the priority intervention is to clear the airway by suctioning the tracheostomy to remove secretions that may be obstructing the air passage. Administering a bronchodilator (Choice A) may be considered if bronchospasm is present, but the immediate focus should be on clearing the airway. Notifying the physician (Choice C) is important but should not delay the immediate intervention of suctioning. Increasing the oxygen flow rate (Choice D) may provide temporary relief, but addressing the root cause of the distress by suctioning is the priority.
2. What intervention is key when managing a client with delirium?
- A. Administer antipsychotic medication to calm the client
- B. Identify any reversible causes of delirium
- C. Provide a low-stimulation environment
- D. Increase environmental stimulation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention when managing a client with delirium is to identify any reversible causes. Delirium can be caused by various factors such as infections, medications, dehydration, or metabolic imbalances. Administering antipsychotic medications (Choice A) may worsen delirium and should be avoided unless necessary for specific indications. Providing a low-stimulation environment (Choice C) is beneficial as it can help reduce agitation and confusion in individuals with delirium. Increasing environmental stimulation (Choice D) is contraindicated as it can exacerbate symptoms in delirious patients. Therefore, the priority should be on identifying and addressing reversible causes to effectively manage delirium.
3. A client is being taught by a nurse how to ascend stairs while using crutches. Which of the following actions should the nurse instruct the client to take first?
- A. Move both crutches up first
- B. Step up with the unaffected leg first
- C. Lean forward on the crutches before stepping up
- D. Hold onto the handrail for support
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to step up with the unaffected leg first. This action is crucial as it ensures proper balance and safety when ascending stairs with crutches. By stepping up with the unaffected leg first, the client can maintain stability and reduce the risk of falls. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Moving both crutches up first (Choice A) may lead to imbalance and difficulty in weight distribution. Leaning forward on the crutches before stepping up (Choice C) can compromise the client's stability and increase the risk of falling. While holding onto the handrail for support (Choice D) is important, stepping up with the unaffected leg first takes precedence to establish a secure and safe movement up the stairs.
4. How should a healthcare professional assess a patient for potential deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Assess for unilateral leg swelling
- B. Encourage early mobilization
- C. Check for calf tenderness
- D. Observe for redness and warmth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To assess a patient for potential deep vein thrombosis (DVT), healthcare professionals should look for unilateral leg swelling. This is a classic sign of DVT. While encouraging early mobilization is generally beneficial for preventing DVT, it is not a method of assessment. Checking for calf tenderness is also relevant but not as specific as unilateral leg swelling. Observing for redness and warmth can be signs of inflammation but are not as specific to DVT as unilateral leg swelling.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
- B. White blood cell count of 8,000/mm³
- C. Temperature of 37.2°C (99°F)
- D. Daily weight increase of 0.45 kg (1 lb)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. A sudden weight increase may indicate fluid retention, a complication of TPN therapy that should be reported. Options A, B, and C are within normal ranges and do not directly relate to TPN therapy complications. A blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL is normal, a white blood cell count of 8,000/mm³ is within the normal range, and a temperature of 37.2°C (99°F) is also normal.
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