Nursing Elites

1. What is the name of the muscle responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

• A. Bicep
• B. Tricep
• C. Deltoid
• D. Cardiac muscle

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cardiac muscle. The cardiac muscle is specifically designed to pump blood throughout the body and is found in the heart. In contrast, the bicep, tricep, and deltoid are skeletal muscles responsible for joint movement, not for pumping blood. The bicep is responsible for elbow flexion, the tricep for elbow extension, and the deltoid for shoulder abduction.

2. Which muscular chamber of the heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs?

• A. Right atrium
• B. Left atrium
• C. Right ventricle
• D. Left ventricle

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the right atrium. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava. It then pumps this deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle. The right ventricle receives oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs. The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body.

3. Where does sperm maturation take place in the male reproductive system?

• A. Seminal vesicles
• B. Prostate gland
• C. Epididymis
• D. Vas Deferens

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Sperm maturation occurs in the epididymis, a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle. In the epididymis, sperm gain motility and the ability to fertilize an egg. It serves as a storage site for mature sperm until ejaculation. The seminal vesicles and the prostate gland contribute fluids to semen, enhancing sperm viability and motility. The vas deferens is responsible for transporting mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra during ejaculation, but it is not where sperm maturation takes place. Therefore, the correct answer is the epididymis.

4. Which type of tissue protects the respiratory system's trachea?

• A. Bone
• B. Cartilage
• C. Collagen
• D. Keratin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Cartilage is the correct answer as it provides flexible support and protection in the trachea. Cartilage is specifically designed to maintain the trachea's shape and prevent it from collapsing during breathing. Bone is a rigid tissue, not found in the trachea, and would not provide the necessary flexibility for breathing. Collagen is a structural protein but does not offer the same support and flexibility as cartilage in this context. Keratin is a protein that forms structures like hair and nails, and it is not present in the trachea to provide protection.

5. What is the function of platelets in the blood?

• A. To transport oxygen
• B. To clot blood
• C. To fight infection
• D. To transport nutrients

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Platelets play a crucial role in clotting blood to prevent excessive bleeding when injuries occur. They are responsible for initiating the coagulation process by forming clots at the site of injury, sealing the damaged blood vessels, and preventing further blood loss. Platelets do not primarily transport oxygen, fight infection, or transport nutrients. While red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen, white blood cells are involved in fighting infections, and nutrients are transported by plasma, platelets' main function is related to hemostasis and wound healing.

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