Nursing Elites

1. At what age is the first dose of the MMR vaccine typically administered to a child?

• A. At birth
• B. 6 months
• C. 12 months
• D. 18 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first dose of the MMR vaccine is typically administered to a child at 12 months of age to provide protection against measles, mumps, and rubella. Administering the vaccine at this age ensures that the child's immune system is developed enough to generate a protective response to the vaccine.

2. Which of the following diseases is targeted for eradication through the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

• A. Hepatitis B
• B. Diphtheria
• C. Poliomyelitis
• D. Tuberculosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Poliomyelitis is the correct answer as it is one of the diseases targeted for eradication through the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI). The EPI aims to control and eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases globally, with a specific focus on polio due to its severe consequences and the feasibility of eradication through vaccination campaigns.

3. In immunization, which of the following measures is considered the most effective in controlling the occurrence of diseases?

• A. Immunization coverage
• B. Cold chain
• C. Potency of vaccines
• D. Health education

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Immunization coverage is the proportion of the target population that has been immunized. To control the occurrence of diseases effectively, it is crucial that a high percentage of the population is immunized. This not only protects individuals but also helps in achieving herd immunity, reducing the spread of diseases within the community. Therefore, ensuring high immunization coverage is a key strategy in disease prevention and control.

4. Which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease?

• A. Hepatitis A
• B. Influenza
• C. Measles
• D. Tuberculosis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatitis A is a waterborne disease caused by a virus that can be transmitted through contaminated water or food. Ingestion of even microscopic amounts of fecal matter from an infected person can lead to infection. It is important to practice good hygiene and ensure water sources are clean to prevent the spread of Hepatitis A.

5. To maintain the cleanliness of the bag and its contents, what should the nurse do?

• A. Wash their hands before and after providing care to family members
• B. Use only items from the bag when caring for family members
• C. Wear an apron to protect their uniform and fold it with the right side out before returning it to the bag
• D. Fold the lining on which the bag was placed at the end of the visit, ensuring the contaminated side is facing outward

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most crucial step in maintaining cleanliness when caring for family members and handling the bag and its contents is to wash the nurse's hands before and after providing care. This practice helps prevent the spread of germs and maintains proper hygiene standards, reducing the risk of contamination. Washing hands is a fundamental infection control measure that all healthcare professionals should adhere to in their daily practice.

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