ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 practice test free science
1. What is the difference between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron?
- A. Sensory neurons carry signals from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.
- B. Sensory neurons control voluntary muscles, while motor neurons control involuntary muscles.
- C. Sensory neurons are located in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are located in the central nervous system.
- D. Sensory neurons detect light, while motor neurons detect sound.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), allowing the brain to receive information about the external environment. On the other hand, motor neurons carry signals away from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, enabling the brain to control voluntary and involuntary movements. Choice B is incorrect because sensory neurons do not control muscles, and motor neurons control both voluntary and involuntary muscles. Choice C is incorrect as sensory neurons are located in the peripheral nervous system, while motor neurons are located in the central nervous system. Choice D is incorrect because sensory neurons detect various stimuli such as touch, taste, smell, and sound, while motor neurons are not involved in detecting sensory stimuli.
2. As a car accelerates from rest, what happens to its kinetic energy and the work done on it?
- A. Both kinetic energy and work done increase.
- B. Kinetic energy increases, but work done remains constant.
- C. Work done increases, but kinetic energy remains constant.
- D. Both kinetic energy and work done remain constant.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a car accelerates from rest, its speed and kinetic energy increase. The work done on the car is what increases its kinetic energy, so both kinetic energy and work done increase simultaneously. Option A is correct because acceleration results in an increase in both kinetic energy and the work done on the car. Option B is incorrect because work done is required to increase kinetic energy during acceleration. Option C is incorrect as work done is directly related to the change in kinetic energy. Option D is incorrect as both kinetic energy and work done increase when the car accelerates.
3. What is the primary function of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in gene editing?
- A. To amplify specific DNA sequences.
- B. To cut DNA at specific locations.
- C. To deliver genes into cells.
- D. To sequence entire genomes.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful tool used in gene editing to precisely target and cut DNA at specific locations within the genome. This system consists of a guide RNA that directs the Cas9 enzyme to the desired DNA sequence, where it creates a double-strand break. This break can then be repaired by the cell's natural DNA repair mechanisms, allowing for the introduction of specific genetic modifications. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the primary function of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in gene editing. Amplifying DNA sequences, delivering genes into cells, and sequencing entire genomes are not the main functions of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, which is primarily focused on precise DNA cutting for targeted genetic modifications.
4. Where does the maturation of T-cells and the production of T-cell receptors occur?
- A. Thymus
- B. Spleen
- C. Lymph nodes
- D. Bone marrow
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Thymus. T-cells mature and develop their receptors in the thymus gland, making it a vital organ for the immune system. The thymus provides the necessary environment for T-cells to differentiate and acquire their specific receptors and functions, which are essential for their role in the adaptive immune response. The spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow are all important components of the immune system, but they do not primarily serve as sites for T-cell maturation and T-cell receptor production.
5. What is the scientific term for the study of genes and their role in disease?
- A. Molecular biology
- B. Biochemistry
- C. Evolutionary biology
- D. Genomic medicine
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Genomic medicine is the scientific discipline that specifically focuses on the study of genes and their involvement in disease processes. It seeks to understand how variations in an individual's genes can influence their predisposition to certain diseases or affect their response to treatment. This field plays a crucial role in personalized medicine by utilizing genetic information to tailor healthcare decisions and interventions to individual patients. Molecular biology, biochemistry, and evolutionary biology, while related to genetics in various ways, do not have the primary focus on the role of genes in disease as genomic medicine does.
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