what is an agreement to keep promises

ATI LPN

ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023

1. What term refers to the agreement to keep promises?

A. Fidelity
B. Non-maleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The term 'fidelity' specifically refers to the agreement to keep promises. Fidelity in healthcare ethics emphasizes the importance of healthcare professionals keeping their commitments to patients. Choice B, 'Non-maleficence,' relates to the ethical principle of doing no harm. Choice C, 'Autonomy,' refers to respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare. Choice D, 'Justice,' pertains to fairness and equality in the distribution of healthcare resources.

2. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has received a preoperative dose of morphine. Which of the following findings is the priority to report to the provider?

A. Client reports nausea.
B. Urinary output of 20 mL/hr.
C. Oxygen saturation 90%.
D. Respiratory rate 14/min.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: An oxygen saturation of 90% is below the expected reference range and could indicate respiratory depression, a serious side effect of morphine. This finding requires immediate attention as it may lead to hypoxia. Nausea (choice A) is a common side effect of morphine but does not pose an immediate threat. A urinary output of 20 mL/hr (choice B) may indicate decreased renal perfusion but is not as critical as respiratory compromise. A respiratory rate of 14/min (choice D) is within the normal range and does not suggest immediate danger.

3. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. What is the healthcare professional's first action?

A. Check the client's temperature
B. Verify that the client's blood type matches the blood product
C. Administer the blood through an IV push
D. Ensure the blood is warmed before administration

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The healthcare professional's first action before administering a blood transfusion should be to verify that the client's blood type matches the blood product. This step is crucial to ensure compatibility and prevent potentially severe transfusion reactions. Checking the client's temperature (Choice A) is important but not the first action in this scenario. Administering the blood through an IV push (Choice C) is incorrect as blood transfusions are typically administered as a slow infusion. Ensuring the blood is warmed before administration (Choice D) is not the first action and is not a standard practice in blood transfusions.

4. During an initial assessment of a client, a nurse notices a discrepancy between the client's current IV infusion and the information received during the shift report. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Complete an incident report and place it in the client's medical record.
B. Compare the current infusion with the prescription in the client's medication record.
C. Contact the charge nurse to see if the prescription was changed.
D. Submit a written warning for the nurse involved in the incident.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when noticing a discrepancy between the client's current IV infusion and the information received during the shift report is to compare the current infusion with the prescription in the client's medication record. This step is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the prescribed treatment and to prevent any potential harm to the client. Option A is incorrect because completing an incident report should only be done after verifying the discrepancy. Option C is incorrect as contacting the charge nurse should come after confirming the details. Option D is incorrect as submitting a written warning is not appropriate without verifying the information first.

5. How should a healthcare provider manage a patient with hypertensive crisis?

A. Administer antihypertensive medications and monitor blood pressure
B. Provide a high-sodium diet and fluid restriction
C. Administer diuretics and provide oxygen therapy
D. Provide IV fluids and monitor for kidney failure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a hypertensive crisis, the immediate goal is to lower blood pressure to prevent organ damage. Administering antihypertensive medications helps achieve this goal efficiently. Monitoring blood pressure is essential to assess the effectiveness of the treatment and adjust medication as needed. Providing a high-sodium diet and fluid restriction (Choice B) can exacerbate hypertension by increasing blood pressure. Diuretics and oxygen therapy (Choice C) are not the first-line treatment for hypertensive crisis, as the priority is rapid blood pressure reduction. Providing IV fluids and monitoring for kidney failure (Choice D) are not primary interventions for managing hypertensive crisis; the focus is on blood pressure control and organ protection.