Nursing Elites

1. What is a major source of stress on the current U.S. healthcare system?

• A. Rising cost of providing healthcare to all citizens
• B. Lack of adequate education for healthcare professionals
• C. Inadequate number of hospital beds across the country
• D. Increasing cost of malpractice insurance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The increasing cost of providing healthcare to all citizens is a major source of stress on the current U.S. healthcare system. This rise in costs impacts various aspects of the system, including accessibility, quality of care, and financial sustainability. It affects healthcare providers, patients, insurance companies, and the government, making it a critical issue that needs to be addressed to ensure a more efficient and effective healthcare system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because although lack of education for healthcare professionals, inadequate number of hospital beds, and increasing malpractice insurance costs can be challenges within the healthcare system, they are not the primary source of stress that affects the system as a whole.

2. How is motivation typically described?

• A. As a stagnant, unchanging force
• B. As a fluid, dynamic process that changes over time
• C. As a process that requires great force to change
• D. As a process that differs every day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Motivation is commonly described as a fluid and dynamic process that evolves and changes over time. It is not stagnant but rather fluctuates based on various internal and external factors. Choice A is incorrect as motivation is not stagnant but dynamic. Choice C is incorrect as motivation does not necessarily require great force to change. Choice D is incorrect as motivation is not something that differs drastically every day, but rather changes gradually over time.

3. While working in the clinical facility, the student nurse learns that a family member has been admitted to the same facility. What statement is true about the student's access to the family member's medical record?

• A. The student may access the family member's medical record as a nurse in the facility.
• B. The student nurse should not access the family member's record until obtaining instructor approval.
• C. The student may access the family member's medical record because of the family relationship.
• D. The student nurse should not view the record unless they are providing care for the family member.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The student nurse should not view the family member's record unless they are directly involved in providing care to maintain confidentiality. Accessing the record without a legitimate reason breaches patient confidentiality and violates ethical principles. Choice A is incorrect because being a nurse in the facility does not automatically grant access to a family member's record. Choice B is incorrect as it does not address the primary concern of direct involvement in care. Choice C is incorrect as family relationship alone does not justify accessing the medical record.

4. Who were the first public health nurses who provided care for the sick and the poor?

• A. The Presbyterian Church
• B. Salerno
• C. Jewish scholars
• D. Convent deaconesses

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Convent deaconesses. Deaconesses from local convents were the first public health nurses who provided care for the sick and the poor. They exemplified care guided by the Christian belief in compassion and helping others. The other choices (A, B, C) are incorrect because the Presbyterian Church, Salerno, and Jewish scholars were not specifically mentioned as the pioneers of public health nursing. The extract highlights the significant role of convent deaconesses in laying the foundation for modern public health nursing.

5. To form a core support group of nurses, where should the nurse organizer conduct meetings to gather initial information?

• A. Away from the work site with a group of managers to learn both sides of the situation
• B. In homes or local businesses with staff nurses
• C. At the facility to discuss nursing concerns
• D. At the work site with staff nurses who are respected leaders

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct approach is to conduct meetings in homes or local businesses with staff nurses. This location ensures confidentiality, prevents management influence, and allows the focus to be on gathering support for forming a core support group. Choice A is incorrect as involving managers may compromise the independence and authenticity of the group. Choice C is incorrect as conducting meetings at the facility may not provide a secure and unbiased environment for open discussions. Choice D is incorrect because holding meetings at the work site with respected leaders may lead to biased opinions and hinder open communication.

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