what happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions h in a solution as the ph increases

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 practice test science

1. What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions ($[H^+]$) in a solution as the pH increases?

A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains constant
D. Becomes neutral

Correct answer: B

Rationale: As the pH increases, the concentration of hydrogen ions decreases. The relationship is inversely proportional

2. What is the study of fungi known as?

A. Virology
B. Mycology
C. Bacteriology
D. Parasitology

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mycology is the correct answer. Mycology is the branch of biology that specifically deals with the study of fungi. Fungi constitute a separate kingdom of organisms that include various forms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Virology (A) is the study of viruses, while Bacteriology (C) focuses on bacteria. Parasitology (D) is the study of parasites, which may include protozoa, helminths, and some fungi, but it is not solely dedicated to fungi.

3. How can a single gene mutation lead to multiple phenotypes depending on the organism?

A. Pleiotropy describes the effect of one gene influencing multiple seemingly unrelated traits.
B. Epigenetics involves environmental factors modifying gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.
C. Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies within a population.
D. Gene regulation controls the timing and level of gene expression within an organism.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A single gene mutation can lead to multiple phenotypes through pleiotropy, where one gene influences diverse traits or functions in an organism. This phenomenon occurs when the mutated gene affects different biochemical pathways, developmental processes, or cellular functions, resulting in a cascade of downstream effects that manifest as a variety of phenotypic outcomes. Choice B, epigenetics, involves modifications in gene expression influenced by environmental factors without altering the DNA sequence, which is not directly related to the question about single gene mutations causing multiple phenotypes. Choice C, genetic drift, refers to random changes in allele frequencies within a population, which is unrelated to the impact of a single gene mutation on multiple phenotypes. Choice D, gene regulation, focuses on controlling the timing and level of gene expression within an organism, which is not directly addressing how a single gene mutation can lead to diverse phenotypes.

4. How are mass and inertia related?

A. Mass is a measure of inertia
B. Mass has no relationship with inertia
C. Inertia is a measure of weight
D. Inertia increases with decreasing mass

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mass is a measure of inertia. Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion, and mass quantifies this resistance. Objects with more mass have greater inertia, meaning they are more resistant to changes in their motion. Therefore, mass and inertia are directly related, with mass being a fundamental factor that determines the level of inertia an object possesses. Choice B is incorrect because mass and inertia are indeed related. Choice C is incorrect as inertia is not a measure of weight but rather a property related to an object's mass. Choice D is incorrect because inertia actually increases with increasing mass, not decreasing mass.

5. Which of the following is a major factor influencing the distribution of organisms geographically?

A. The availability of specific types of food sources
B. Tolerance of organisms to different temperature ranges
C. Competition for mates within the same species
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The distribution of organisms geographically is influenced by various factors. The availability of specific types of food sources is crucial as organisms need suitable food sources to survive and thrive in an area. Tolerance of organisms to different temperature ranges is also important, as temperature impacts where species can live. Organisms must withstand temperature conditions to survive. Competition for mates within the same species affects population sizes and dynamics in different areas. Therefore, all these factors collectively influence the distribution of organisms geographically. Choice D, 'All of the above,' is the correct answer because each of the factors mentioned (availability of food sources, tolerance to temperature ranges, and competition for mates) plays a significant role in determining the distribution of organisms in different geographical locations. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they each only represent one specific factor that influences distribution, whereas the correct answer encompasses all the major factors mentioned.