what are the complications of untreated deep vein thrombosis dvt

ATI LPN

ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers

1. What are the complications of untreated deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

A. Pulmonary embolism and stroke
B. Kidney failure and hypertension
C. Liver failure and electrolyte imbalance
D. Fluid overload and bradycardia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Untreated DVT can lead to complications such as pulmonary embolism and stroke. Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot from the leg travels to the lungs, potentially blocking blood flow and causing respiratory distress. Stroke can occur if a blood clot dislodges from the leg veins, travels to the brain, and obstructs a blood vessel, leading to brain tissue damage. Both of these complications are life-threatening if not managed promptly. The other choices (B, C, D) do not represent common complications of untreated DVT and are therefore incorrect.

2. What is the priority in managing a client diagnosed with delirium?

A. Administer anti-anxiety medication
B. Identify any underlying causes of delirium
C. Reduce environmental stimulation to calm the client
D. Encourage deep breathing exercises

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The priority in managing a client diagnosed with delirium is to identify any underlying causes. Delirium can be caused by various factors such as infections, medications, or metabolic imbalances. By determining the root cause, healthcare providers can address the issue effectively and tailor the treatment plan accordingly. Administering anti-anxiety medication (Choice A) may help manage symptoms but does not address the underlying cause of delirium. Similarly, reducing environmental stimulation (Choice C) and encouraging deep breathing exercises (Choice D) may provide some relief, but they do not target the primary concern of identifying and addressing the underlying causes of delirium.

3. A client who is to undergo surgery for a hip fracture is being taught by a nurse about postoperative pain management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. I will ask for pain medication only if the pain becomes unbearable.
B. I will ask the nurse to increase my medication if the pain doesn't subside.
C. I will wait until the pain is severe before taking my medication.
D. I will take my medication at regular intervals to stay ahead of the pain.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking pain medication at regular intervals helps maintain consistent pain control after surgery. Option A is incorrect because waiting for the pain to become unbearable can lead to inadequate pain management. Option B is incorrect as it suggests increasing medication without a schedule. Option C is incorrect because waiting for the pain to be severe before taking medication is not proactive pain management.

4. What are the key factors in assessing a patient's fall risk?

A. Assess the patient's age and mobility
B. Evaluate the patient's medication list for sedatives
C. Assess the patient's vision and hearing
D. Check for recent falls and cognitive impairment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Assessing the patient's age and mobility are key factors in determining fall risk. Age can affect balance and reaction time, while mobility influences the patient's stability. Choices B, C, and D are important considerations in assessing a patient's fall risk as well, but age and mobility play a more direct role in determining the patient's susceptibility to falls.

5. How should a healthcare professional manage a patient with a suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

A. Administer anticoagulants and monitor for bleeding
B. Elevate the limb and administer pain relief
C. Restrict mobility and apply warm compress
D. Administer IV fluids and provide bed rest

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected DVT management involves administering anticoagulants to prevent clot growth and monitoring for signs of bleeding. Elevating the limb and administering pain relief (Choice B) may help alleviate symptoms but do not address the underlying issue of preventing clot progression. Restricting mobility and applying warm compress (Choice C) could potentially dislodge the clot and worsen the condition. Administering IV fluids and providing bed rest (Choice D) are not primary interventions for managing DVT.