Nursing Elites

1. Which historical figure is honored for working to improve care of the mentally ill in mental health nursing?

• A. Clara Barton
• B. Florence Nightingale
• C. Dorothea Dix
• D. Lillian D. Wald

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dorothea Dix is the correct answer. She is recognized for her significant contributions in advocating for the improvement of care for the mentally ill. Dix played a crucial role in establishing mental health institutions and reforming the care provided to individuals with mental health conditions. Clara Barton is known for founding the American Red Cross, Florence Nightingale is renowned as the founder of modern nursing, and Lillian D. Wald is recognized for her work in public health nursing. However, none of them are specifically honored for their work in improving care for the mentally ill in mental health nursing, unlike Dorothea Dix.

2. Which professional organization was the first to focus on licensed practical nurses (LPNs)?

• A. National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Services (NAPNES)
• B. National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses (NFLPN)
• C. National League for Nursing (NLN)
• D. American Nurses Association (ANA)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Services (NAPNES) was the first professional organization to focus on LPNs. NAPNES remains active today, providing continuing education opportunities and publications specifically tailored for LPNs, making it the correct answer. The other options, the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses (NFLPN), National League for Nursing (NLN), and American Nurses Association (ANA), do not primarily focus on licensed practical nurses, making them incorrect choices.

3. A healthcare professional walks into the nurse's station and sees several staff members looking at the electronic medical record for a celebrity client on another unit. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. remind the staff members that this is a breach of confidentiality
• B. discuss the issue with the unit manager
• C. request that an administrative restriction be placed on the client's medical access
• D. prepare a report for the facility ethics committee

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the healthcare professional to take first is to remind the staff members that accessing the electronic medical record of a celebrity client from another unit is a breach of confidentiality. This immediate action addresses the ethical and legal issue at hand, emphasizing the importance of patient confidentiality and privacy. Discussing the issue with the unit manager, requesting administrative restrictions, or preparing a report for the facility ethics committee can be considered after addressing the initial breach and reminding staff members of their obligations.

4. Nurses on a unit provide personal hygiene, administer medications, educate patients, and provide emotional support. The nurses are providing patient care based on which nursing delivery system?

• A. total patient care
• B. team nursing
• C. functional nursing
• D. partnership nursing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, total patient care. Total patient care refers to a nursing delivery system where one nurse is responsible for providing all aspects of care to the patient. In this system, the nurse assumes full responsibility for the patient's care, including personal hygiene, medication administration, patient education, and emotional support, ensuring comprehensive and individualized care. Choice B, team nursing, involves a team of healthcare providers working together to provide care to a group of patients. Choice C, functional nursing, divides tasks among different team members based on their skills and expertise. Choice D, partnership nursing, does not represent a recognized nursing delivery system, making it an incorrect option.

5. Which intervention demonstrates Florence Nightingale's theory of nursing?

• A. Respecting the patient's culture and incorporating cultural needs
• B. Promoting good health and treating those who are ill in a holistic manner
• C. Understanding how to motivate people to practice a healthy lifestyle and reduce risks
• D. Teaching other nurses how to deliver the highest quality of care

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Florence Nightingale's theory of nursing emphasized promoting good health and treating those who are ill in a holistic manner. She believed in providing comprehensive care that addresses not only the physical but also the emotional and social needs of patients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly align with Nightingale's focus on holistic care and promoting good health.

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