Nursing Elites

1. In which of the following situations would the EMT MOST likely deliver a baby at the scene?

• A. A tornado has struck and blocked the only route to the hospital.
• B. Contractions are 8 to 10 minutes apart and irregular.
• C. The amniotic sac has ruptured, and contractions occur regularly.
• D. The hospital is 15 miles away, and crowning is not present.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The EMT may be required to deliver a baby at the scene when external factors like a tornado have blocked the only route to the hospital, making it impossible to reach the medical facility in time for delivery. In such emergencies, the EMT must be prepared to manage the childbirth process until further medical assistance can be obtained.

2. Madam Esinam, a 45-year-old trader at the Kotokuraba community market, has brought her 8-year-old daughter Bubunyo to the clinic where you are working. According to her, Bubunyo eats very well but looks like her 5-year-old brother in terms of stature. What investigation would you request to give a definitive diagnosis of Bubunyo's condition?

• A. Renal and Liver function test
• B. Pancreatic function test
• C. Sedimentation rate (ESR)
• D. Growth hormone assessment

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A growth hormone assessment is necessary to definitively diagnose growth hormone deficiency, which could be a possible cause of Bubunyo's growth delay despite adequate nutrition. This test will help determine if Bubunyo's growth issues are related to a lack of growth hormone production.

3. What is the most important intervention to decrease the stressors of hospitalization for a 9-month-old infant being treated for a bacterial infection?

• A. Encourage the infant's parents to remain at the bedside and actively participate in the infant's care.
• B. Provide a brightly lit environment for the infant.
• C. Play tapes of the mother's voice.
• D. Assign the same nurse to the infant as much as possible.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging the infant's parents to remain at the bedside and actively participate in the infant's care is crucial in decreasing the stressors of hospitalization for the infant. Parental presence provides comfort and security, promotes bonding, and maintains a sense of familiarity for the infant during a potentially stressful situation. This involvement can help reduce anxiety and promote better outcomes for the infant's emotional well-being and overall hospital experience. Providing a brightly lit environment (choice B) can actually increase stress for the infant, as infants generally prefer dimly lit environments for better sleep. Playing tapes of the mother's voice (choice C) may offer some comfort but does not substitute for parental presence. While assigning the same nurse to the infant (choice D) can provide continuity of care, it is not as effective as having the parents present for emotional support and bonding.

4. Which artery should you palpate when assessing for a pulse in an unresponsive 6-month-old patient?

• A. Radial
• B. Brachial
• C. Femoral
• D. Carotid

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When assessing for a pulse in an unresponsive 6-month-old patient, the brachial artery is the recommended site for palpation. This is because the brachial artery is easily accessible and provides a reliable indication of the patient's circulatory status in infants.

5. During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, what is the nurse expected to do?

• A. Greet the mother and inquire about the history
• B. Assess for danger signs
• C. Give appropriate treatment
• D. Check vital signs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During the 'Provide practical treatment' phase, the nurse is expected to give appropriate treatment to address the patient's needs. This involves implementing the necessary medical interventions or care based on the assessment findings and treatment plan. While greeting the mother, assessing for danger signs, and checking vital signs are important aspects of patient care, the focal point during this phase is to administer the specific treatment required to manage the patient's condition effectively.

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