in which of the following situations would the emt most likely deliver a baby at the scene

ATI LPN

LPN Pediatrics

1. In which of the following situations would the EMT MOST likely deliver a baby at the scene?

A. A tornado has struck and blocked the only route to the hospital.
B. Contractions are 8 to 10 minutes apart and irregular.
C. The amniotic sac has ruptured, and contractions occur regularly.
D. The hospital is 15 miles away, and crowning is not present.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The EMT may be required to deliver a baby at the scene when external factors like a tornado have blocked the only route to the hospital, making it impossible to reach the medical facility in time for delivery. In such emergencies, the EMT must be prepared to manage the childbirth process until further medical assistance can be obtained.

2. A 5-year-old boy was struck by a car when he ran out into the street. When you arrive at the scene and approach the child, you see him lying supine approximately 15 feet from the car. Based on the child's age and mechanism of injury, which of the following should you suspect to be his PRIMARY injury?

A. Lower leg injury
B. Head injury
C. Upper thorax injury
D. Pelvic injury

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Given the mechanism of injury and the distance the child was thrown, a primary pelvic injury should be suspected due to the high impact and force. The pelvis is a common site for significant injury in such cases, and the distance the child was thrown indicates a high-energy impact that could lead to pelvic fractures or injuries.

3. A 3-year-old is seen in the clinic and is diagnosed with an ear infection. The father reports that the child was awake several times during the night, crying. The PRIORITY nursing diagnosis for this child is:

A. Sleep Pattern Disturbance related to pain.
B. Pain related to ear infection.
C. Altered Family Processes related to ill child.
D. Ineffective Thermoregulation Related to Infection

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a child diagnosed with an ear infection and experiencing nighttime awakenings and crying would be 'Pain related to ear infection.' Pain management is crucial to ensure the child's comfort and well-being, which can also impact their sleep patterns. Addressing the pain as a priority can lead to improved sleep and overall recovery for the child.

4. Which of the following statements regarding 2-rescuer child CPR is correct?

A. The chest should be compressed with one hand, and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be used.
B. The chest should not be allowed to fully recoil in between compressions.
C. A compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be used if an advanced airway is in place.
D. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During 2-rescuer child CPR, it is important to compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one-third the diameter of the chest. This technique ensures effective chest compressions are being delivered to help circulate blood and oxygenate the child's body. Choice A is incorrect because both hands should be used for chest compressions in 2-rescuer CPR. Choice B is incorrect as allowing the chest to fully recoil between compressions is essential to create negative pressure and facilitate blood flow back to the heart. Choice C is incorrect as the standard compression-to-ventilation ratio for child CPR is 30:2, regardless of whether an advanced airway is in place.

5. Which of the following is a sign of altered mental status in a small child?

A. Fear of the EMT's presence.
B. Recognition of the parents.
C. Inattention to the EMT's presence.
D. Consistent eye contact with the EMT.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Inattention to the EMT's presence is a sign of altered mental status in a small child. When a child is not responsive or does not acknowledge the presence of the EMT, it could indicate a change in their mental status. This lack of attention or awareness may signify a neurological issue or other medical condition affecting the child's cognitive function.