Nursing Elites

1. How is power related to work and time?

• A. Power = Work ÷ Time
• B. Power = Work × Time
• C. Power = Work + Time
• D. Power = Work - Time

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Power is defined as the rate at which work is done or the amount of work done per unit of time. The correct formula to relate power, work, and time is Power = Work ÷ Time. This formula shows that power is calculated by dividing the amount of work done by the time taken to do that work, indicating the rate at which work is being done. Choice B (Power = Work × Time) is incorrect because multiplying work and time does not yield a measure of power. Choice C (Power = Work + Time) is incorrect as adding work and time does not define power. Choice D (Power = Work - Time) is also incorrect because subtracting work and time does not relate to the concept of power.

2. Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

• A. Removing substances from the blood.
• B. Releasing hormones.
• C. Combating disease.
• D. Maintaining tissue fluid balance.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Releasing hormones is not a function of the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system plays crucial roles in removing substances from the blood, combating disease through the production of immune cells, and maintaining tissue fluid balance by circulating lymph. Releasing hormones is primarily the function of endocrine glands, not the lymphatic system.

3. Which blood vessels transport blood from the capillaries back to the heart?

• A. Arterioles
• B. Veins
• C. Venules
• D. Capillaries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Veins are the correct answer as they are the blood vessels that carry blood from the capillaries back to the heart. Veins have thinner walls compared to arteries and contain valves to prevent blood from flowing backward. This transport of blood from the capillaries to the heart is essential for the circulatory system to maintain proper blood flow and oxygenation levels. Arterioles are small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries, not vessels that transport blood back to the heart. Venules are small vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead to veins. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where the exchange of gases and nutrients occurs between blood and tissues, not vessels that transport blood back to the heart.

4. What are isotopes?

• A. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of protons.
• B. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
• C. Atoms of different elements with the same number of protons.
• D. Atoms of different elements with the same number of electrons.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. While isotopes share the same number of protons, which determines the element, they differ in the number of neutrons. This variance in neutron count results in isotopes having different atomic masses. Choice A is incorrect because isotopes have the same number of protons (same element) but differ in the number of neutrons. Choice C is incorrect as it describes atoms of different elements, not isotopes of the same element. Choice D is also incorrect because isotopes can have different numbers of electrons, but what defines isotopes is the variation in neutron numbers.

5. What is the term for the energy absorbed during a chemical reaction?

• A. Kinetic energy
• B. Potential energy
• C. Heat energy
• D. Endothermic energy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct term for the energy absorbed during a chemical reaction is 'Endothermic energy.' Endothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings, leading to a decrease in temperature. The prefix 'endo-' means 'inward' or 'within,' indicating that energy is taken in during the reaction. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because kinetic energy refers to the energy of motion, potential energy is stored energy, and heat energy is a form of energy transfer rather than specifically the energy absorbed during a chemical reaction.

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