Nursing Elites

1. How is motivation typically described?

• A. As a stagnant, unchanging force
• B. As a fluid, dynamic process that changes over time
• C. As a process that requires great force to change
• D. As a process that differs every day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Motivation is commonly described as a fluid and dynamic process that evolves and changes over time. It is not stagnant but rather fluctuates based on various internal and external factors. Choice A is incorrect as motivation is not stagnant but dynamic. Choice C is incorrect as motivation does not necessarily require great force to change. Choice D is incorrect as motivation is not something that differs drastically every day, but rather changes gradually over time.

2. How can a student best prepare for a clinical experience?

• A. Practice and review procedures for performing skills
• B. Review class notes from the past week
• C. Familiarize oneself with the clinical facility
• D. Arrive at the clinical site 1 hour early

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Practicing and reviewing procedures for performing skills is crucial for a student preparing for a clinical experience. This preparation allows the student to build competence and confidence in executing required tasks. Reviewing class notes may be helpful for theoretical knowledge but may not adequately prepare the student for practical skills needed in a clinical setting. Familiarizing oneself with the clinical facility is beneficial but does not directly address skill readiness. Arriving early is important but does not substitute for the essential preparation of practicing and reviewing procedures for performing skills.

3. The healthcare provider responds to an alarm on a pulse oximeter and sees that the patient's oxygen saturation is reading 38%. The provider observes the patient, noting a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute, pink mucous membranes, and easy regular respirations. The healthcare provider concludes that the pulse oximeter is not reading accurately. Whose theory of healthcare is this provider demonstrating?

• A. Annie Goodrich
• B. Lillian D. Wald
• C. Florence Nightingale
• D. Linda Richards

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Florence Nightingale emphasized the importance of assessing the patient's overall condition and not solely relying on technological readings. In this scenario, the healthcare provider's observation of the patient's respiratory rate, mucous membranes, and breathing pattern aligns with Nightingale's holistic approach to patient care. Annie Goodrich is known for her contributions to nursing education; Lillian D. Wald is associated with public health nursing and social reform; Linda Richards is recognized as America's first trained nurse. However, in this context, the emphasis is on the holistic patient assessment, which is a key principle of Florence Nightingale's theory.

4. A healthcare professional walks into the nurse's station and sees several staff members looking at the electronic medical record for a celebrity client on another unit. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take first?

• A. remind the staff members that this is a breach of confidentiality
• B. discuss the issue with the unit manager
• C. request that an administrative restriction be placed on the client's medical access
• D. prepare a report for the facility ethics committee

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct action for the healthcare professional to take first is to remind the staff members that accessing the electronic medical record of a celebrity client from another unit is a breach of confidentiality. This immediate action addresses the ethical and legal issue at hand, emphasizing the importance of patient confidentiality and privacy. Discussing the issue with the unit manager, requesting administrative restrictions, or preparing a report for the facility ethics committee can be considered after addressing the initial breach and reminding staff members of their obligations.

5. While working in a long-term care facility, the nurse notices that older residents take pleasure in telling stories about their earlier lives and reliving special events. The nurse recognizes this helps residents meet which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of needs?

• A. Self-esteem
• B. Love and belonging
• C. Safety
• D. Self-actualization

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The act of telling stories and reliving special events by the older residents in the long-term care facility helps them achieve self-actualization. Self-actualization involves realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and reflecting on their lives and achievements, which aligns with the behavior observed by the nurse. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because self-esteem is related to confidence and respect, love and belonging refer to social relationships and connections, and safety pertains to physical and psychological security, which are not directly addressed by the residents' behavior of storytelling and reliving special events.

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