elements tend to gain or lose electrons to achieve stable electron configurations like those of noble gases their group number often indicates the num

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 science quizlet

1. Elements tend to gain or lose electrons to achieve stable electron configurations like those of noble gases. Their group number often indicates the number of electrons gained/lost and the resulting ionic charge, providing a good starting point for prediction.

A. Ionic bonds involve electron sharing, while metallic bonds involve electron transfer.
B. Ionic bonds are weak and directional, while metallic bonds are strong and non-directional.
C. Ionic bonds exist between metals and non-metals, while metallic bonds exist only between metals.
D. Ionic bonds form discrete molecules, while metallic bonds form extended structures.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Ionic bonds typically form between metals and non-metals, where one atom donates electrons (cation) and the other accepts electrons (anion). This results in the transfer of electrons. Metallic bonds, on the other hand, occur between metal atoms where electrons are shared among a sea of delocalized electrons, leading to the characteristic properties of metals like malleability and conductivity. Choice A is incorrect because ionic bonds involve electron transfer, not sharing. Choice B is incorrect as ionic bonds are strong, not weak, and are non-directional, while metallic bonds are strong and non-directional. Choice D is incorrect as ionic bonds do not form discrete molecules but rather a lattice structure, whereas metallic bonds form extended structures.

2. What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the cell?

A. To synthesize and transport proteins and lipids
B. To package and transport proteins
C. To break down macromolecules
D. To store genetic material

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of membranes within the cell that plays a crucial role in protein and lipid synthesis. It consists of two types: rough ER, which is studded with ribosomes and involved in protein synthesis, and smooth ER, which is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification. The ER's main function is to synthesize proteins and lipids, not just package and transport them. While the ER is involved in transporting these synthesized proteins and lipids to other parts of the cell or outside the cell, its primary role is in their synthesis. Breaking down macromolecules is primarily the function of lysosomes, which are membrane-bound organelles containing enzymes for digestion. Storing genetic material is the function of the nucleus, which houses the cell's DNA. The ER is not involved in storing genetic material.

3. What is the structure that connects the ovary to the uterus in the female reproductive system?

A. Urethra
B. Fallopian tube
C. Vagina
D. Cervix

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The fallopian tubes are the structures that connect the ovaries to the uterus in the female reproductive system. These tubes serve as a pathway for the egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus, where fertilization typically occurs. Options (A) Urethra, (C) Vagina, and (D) Cervix are not the structures responsible for connecting the ovary to the uterus, making them incorrect choices for this question.

4. Which of the following is NOT a property of a catalyst?

A. Increases the rate of a reaction
B. Remains unchanged after the reaction
C. Lowers the activation energy
D. Creates new products

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It remains unchanged after the reaction, which eliminates option B. A catalyst works by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, which eliminates option C. A catalyst does not create new products in a reaction; it only facilitates the conversion of reactants into products more efficiently. Therefore, option D is NOT a property of a catalyst.

5. What are enzymes?

A. Building blocks of muscle
B. Biological catalysts
C. Energy source
D. Antibodies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes are biological catalysts, not building blocks of muscle. They speed up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process. Enzymes are not an energy source or antibodies. They play a crucial role in various biological processes by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.