ATI LPN
LPN Pediatrics
1. After the baby's head delivers, how is it usually tilted?
- A. with the face up.
- B. anteriorly, with the chin up.
- C. posteriorly, to one side.
- D. posteriorly, face down.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After the baby's head delivers, it is typically tilted posteriorly to one side to help facilitate the delivery of the shoulders. This positioning is important for the safe and smooth delivery of the baby.
2. Following an apparent febrile seizure, a 4-year-old boy is alert and crying. His skin is hot and moist. Appropriate treatment for this child includes:
- A. allowing the parents to transport the child.
- B. offering oxygen and providing transport.
- C. rapidly cooling the child in cold water.
- D. keeping the child warm and providing transport.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: After a febrile seizure, it is important to offer oxygen and provide transport to a medical facility for further evaluation and management of the underlying cause. Oxygen may be needed in case of hypoxemia resulting from the seizure. Rapidly cooling the child in cold water is not recommended as it may lead to complications such as hypothermia. Keeping the child warm is also not advisable as the priority is to prevent hyperthermia and provide necessary medical intervention by healthcare providers.
3. A group of nursing students is discussing trends that influence pediatric health care today. The students' discussion focuses on which trends?
- A. Family-centered care
- B. Evidenced-based practice
- C. Nursing traditions
- D. A and B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In pediatric health care, family-centered care and evidenced-based practice are crucial trends that impact care delivery. Family-centered care involves involving the family in decision-making and care planning, recognizing their role in the child's well-being. Evidenced-based practice ensures nursing interventions are based on the best available evidence to provide high-quality care to pediatric patients. Nursing traditions, though important, may not encompass the latest advancements in pediatric care. Therefore, choices A and B are correct as they represent current influential trends in pediatric health care.
4. When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in a small child, what is the preferred method?
- A. Insert the airway with the curvature towards the roof of the mouth and then rotate it 180 degrees.
- B. Insert the airway as you would in an adult, but use an airway that is one size smaller than usual.
- C. Depress the tongue with a tongue blade and insert the airway with the downward curve facing the tongue.
- D. Open the airway with the tongue-jaw lift maneuver and insert the airway until slight resistance is met.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in a small child, it is crucial to depress the tongue with a tongue blade and insert the airway with the downward curve facing the tongue. This technique helps in maintaining an open airway and preventing obstruction by the tongue. Placing the airway with the curve facing the roof of the mouth or using a smaller size is not recommended for small children, as it may not effectively keep the airway patent. The tongue-jaw lift maneuver is not the preferred method for inserting an oropharyngeal airway in small children.
5. The word hormone is derived from the Greek 'hormao' meaning 'I excite or arouse.' Hormones communicate this effect through their unique chemical structures recognized by specific receptors on their target cells, their patterns of secretion, and their concentrations in the general or local circulation. Which of the following is NOT a function of hormones?
- A. Producing new offspring
- B. Promoting growth and enhancing beauty
- C. Maintaining body temperature
- D. Fighting infections
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hormones play a crucial role in various bodily functions such as regulating metabolism, growth, and maintaining homeostasis. However, producing new offspring involves reproductive processes controlled by other systems in the body, not directly by hormones.
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