Nursing Elites

1. When assessing a 6-year-old boy with pain in the right lower quadrant of his abdomen, which action should be performed first?

• A. Avoiding palpation of the abdomen.
• B. Palpating the right lower quadrant first.
• C. Auscultating bowel sounds for 2 minutes.
• D. Palpating the left upper quadrant first.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Palpating the left upper quadrant first is the correct approach when assessing abdominal pain in a child. This method helps to minimize causing additional discomfort to the child and allows for a more accurate assessment of their reaction to palpation. By starting on the left upper quadrant, you can gauge the child's pain response before moving to the area of complaint, which may be more sensitive. This approach is essential for a thorough and less distressing abdominal assessment in pediatric patients.

2. Why should small children ride in the backseat of a vehicle?

• A. They are much less likely to be ejected from the vehicle.
• B. The back of the front seat will provide a cushion during a crash.
• C. They can experience severe injury or death if the airbag deploys.
• D. Their legs are highly prone to injury from striking the dashboard.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Small children should ride in the backseat of a vehicle primarily to avoid severe injury or death that may occur if the airbag deploys. In the event of a crash, the force of an airbag deployment can be dangerous for a child seated in the front seat. Placing them in the backseat reduces the risk of serious harm from airbag impact and is a safer seating position for young passengers.

3. Following an apparent febrile seizure, a 4-year-old boy is alert and crying. His skin is hot and moist. Appropriate treatment for this child includes:

• A. allowing the parents to transport the child.
• B. offering oxygen and providing transport.
• C. rapidly cooling the child in cold water.
• D. keeping the child warm and providing transport.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After a febrile seizure, it is important to offer oxygen and provide transport to a medical facility for further evaluation and management of the underlying cause. Oxygen may be needed in case of hypoxemia resulting from the seizure. Rapidly cooling the child in cold water is not recommended as it may lead to complications such as hypothermia. Keeping the child warm is also not advisable as the priority is to prevent hyperthermia and provide necessary medical intervention by healthcare providers.

4. A 3-year-old boy is found to be in cardiopulmonary arrest. As you begin one-rescuer CPR, your partner prepares the AED. What is the appropriate compression to ventilation ratio for this child?

• A. 3:01
• B. 30:2
• C. 15:2
• D. 5:1

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct compression to ventilation ratio for a single rescuer performing CPR on a child is 30:2. This ratio ensures adequate circulation and oxygenation during CPR. 30 compressions help maintain blood flow, while 2 rescue breaths provide oxygenation. Choice A (3:01) is incorrect as it does not follow the standard CPR guidelines for children. Choice C (15:2) is incorrect as it is the ratio used for adult CPR. Choice D (5:1) is incorrect as it is not the recommended ratio for child CPR.

5. Are most children with hypertension asymptomatic?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement is true. In many cases, children with hypertension do not show any symptoms, making it challenging to diagnose them. Regular blood pressure checks are crucial to detect hypertension early, as it can have serious health implications if left untreated. Choice B is incorrect because most children with hypertension do not exhibit symptoms, hence being asymptomatic. Choices C and D are empty as they do not provide additional options.

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