Nursing Elites

1. During preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for a total knee arthroplasty who speaks a different language than the nurse, which interprofessional team member should the nurse include in the discussion?

• A. Interpreter
• B. Social worker
• C. Occupational therapist
• D. Spiritual advisor

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should include an interpreter in the discussion to facilitate clear and accurate communication between the nurse and the client who speaks a different language. The interpreter plays a crucial role in ensuring that the client fully understands the preoperative teaching and can express any concerns or questions effectively. Choice B, a social worker, is not the most appropriate option in this context as the primary need is language interpretation rather than social support. Choice C, an occupational therapist, is also not the best option as their role does not directly address the language barrier issue. Choice D, a spiritual advisor, is not relevant to the situation at hand and would not assist in overcoming the language barrier.

2. When the nurse receives a shift report from the nurse going off shift and asks about a patient's state of mind and emotional needs, which aspect of Dr. Watson's theory is demonstrated?

• A. Intentionality
• B. Curiosity
• C. Caritas
• D. Holism

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Caritas. The act of inquiring about a patient's state of mind and emotional needs reflects the concept of Caritas in Dr. Watson's theory. Caritas involves showing deep concern, compassion, and love for the patient, going beyond just the physical aspects of care. Choice A, Intentionality, refers to the capacity for nurses to act deliberately with an ultimate goal in mind. Choice B, Curiosity, is not directly related to the specific action described in the question. Choice D, Holism, involves considering the patient as a whole being, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, but it is not specifically demonstrated by inquiring about emotional needs and state of mind.

3. Which statement about the U.S. healthcare system made by the nurse is untrue and inaccurate?

• A. There is no central agency governing the healthcare system.
• B. Access to healthcare is available to all persons regardless of ability to pay.
• C. Legal risk must be considered when providing healthcare.
• D. High-tech equipment is available but payment for its use is troublesome to the system.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Access to healthcare is not universally available to all persons in the U.S.; it is often influenced by the ability to pay. Choice A is accurate as there is no single central agency governing the entire U.S. healthcare system. Choice C is a valid consideration as legal risks are important in healthcare provision. Choice D highlights a common issue in the U.S. healthcare system where high-tech equipment is available, but the payment for its use can be problematic.

4. According to Watson's theory, how should the nurse manager deal with a staff member who has a substance addiction and is arriving at work under the influence of the substance?

• A. Send the nurse home with instructions not to return until clear of the substance.
• B. Call the police and have the nurse arrested for working while impaired.
• C. Confront the nurse privately, order drug testing, and suggest a substance abuse program.
• D. Notify the board of nursing and fire the nurse immediately.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: According to Watson's theory, a caring approach is essential. Confronting the nurse privately, ordering drug testing, and suggesting a substance abuse program demonstrates empathy and supports the staff member in seeking help for their addiction. This approach aligns with the principles of human caring and compassion, focusing on the well-being and recovery of the individual rather than punitive measures. Choices A and D are too harsh and lack empathy, not considering the individual's well-being or offering support for rehabilitation. Choice B is inappropriate and punitive, not aligned with a caring and compassionate approach as advocated by Watson's theory.

5. How does the high degree of professionalism among nurses impact their willingness to engage in organized strikes?

• A. Nurses often find union activities such as strikes in conflict with the need to serve and protect clients and their profession
• B. Nurses use evidence-based studies that reflect both management and labor views to support participation in unionization
• C. Nurses who strike can be legally punished for abandonment and negligence considered to be professional misconduct
• D. Nurses most often turn to collective bargaining strategies such as strikes to emphasize client's safety initiatives

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The high level of professionalism among nurses, as recognized in Gallup polls, often leads them to perceive organized strikes as conflicting with their duty to care for patients and uphold their professional standards. This conflict of interest can cause nurses to be hesitant or reluctant to participate in strikes. Choice B is incorrect because nurses' decision to engage in strikes is more influenced by professional values and patient care rather than evidence-based studies on management and labor views. Choice C is incorrect because while legal consequences may be a concern, the primary factor influencing nurses' decision on strikes is their professional commitment to patient care. Choice D is incorrect as nurses' focus during strikes is more on advocating for patient safety rather than emphasizing safety initiatives.

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