Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is preparing to administer metoclopramide 10 mg IM. Available is metoclopramide 5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?

• A. 1 mL
• B. 2 mL
• C. 3 mL
• D. 4 mL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To administer 10 mg of metoclopramide, the nurse should administer 2 mL (10 mg / 5 mg per mL). Therefore, the correct answer is 2 mL. Choice A (1 mL) is incorrect because it would only deliver 5 mg of metoclopramide, which is half the required dose. Choice C (3 mL) and D (4 mL) are incorrect as they would provide more than the required dose of 10 mg.

2. When providing discharge teaching to a client with diabetes, what is the most important instruction?

• A. Check blood sugar levels once daily
• B. Administer insulin as prescribed before meals
• C. Take medication only when feeling unwell
• D. Eat carbohydrate-rich meals to stabilize blood sugar

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering insulin as prescribed before meals is crucial for managing diabetes. This instruction is vital as it helps the client maintain blood sugar levels within the target range. Checking blood sugar levels once daily is important but not as critical as ensuring the timely administration of insulin. Taking medication only when feeling unwell is dangerous as it may lead to uncontrolled blood sugar levels. Eating carbohydrate-rich meals may actually destabilize blood sugar levels rather than stabilizing them, making it an incorrect choice.

3. What are the nursing considerations when administering blood products?

• A. Monitor vital signs and check for allergic reactions
• B. Verify blood type and compatibility before transfusion
• C. Monitor for signs of infection and sepsis
• D. Ensure consent is signed and prepare for possible reaction

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor vital signs and check for allergic reactions. When administering blood products, monitoring vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature is crucial to detect any adverse reactions promptly. Checking for allergic reactions, such as hives, itching, or difficulty breathing, is essential to ensure patient safety. Choice B is incorrect because verifying blood type and compatibility is typically done by the laboratory before the blood is issued for transfusion. Choice C is not a direct nursing consideration during the administration of blood products. While monitoring for signs of infection and sepsis is important in general patient care, it is not specific to blood transfusions. Choice D is also incorrect as ensuring consent is signed and preparing for possible reactions are important but do not directly relate to the immediate nursing considerations during blood product administration.

4. A client has a prescription for ranitidine 150 mg PO BID. Available is ranitidine syrup 15 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer each day?

• A. 20 mL
• B. 15 mL
• C. 25 mL
• D. 10 mL

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To administer a total of 300 mg daily (150 mg PO BID), the nurse should give 20 mL of the syrup. This is calculated by dividing the total daily dose (300 mg) by the concentration of the syrup (15 mg/mL), which equals 20 mL. Choice B (15 mL), C (25 mL), and D (10 mL) are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the required volume of syrup needed to deliver the prescribed dose.

5. What are the differences between viral and bacterial infections?

• A. Viral infections often cause fatigue and body aches
• B. Bacterial infections often cause high fever and localized pain
• C. Viral infections are treated with antibiotics
• D. Bacterial infections are usually self-limiting

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Viral infections often cause fatigue and body aches, while bacterial infections are more likely to cause high fever and localized pain. Choice A is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the symptoms commonly associated with viral infections. Bacterial infections, on the other hand, typically present with fever and localized pain, as stated in choice B. Choice C is incorrect as viral infections do not respond to antibiotics, while choice D is inaccurate because bacterial infections may require antibiotic treatment and are not always self-limiting.

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