ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. What is the first action?
- A. Administer the blood through an IV push
- B. Verify the client's blood type before starting the transfusion
- C. Warm the blood to body temperature before administration
- D. Ensure the client eats before starting the transfusion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action when preparing to administer a blood transfusion is to verify the client's blood type before starting the transfusion. This step is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions and complications. Option A is incorrect because blood transfusions should not be administered through an IV push due to the risk of rapid infusion and adverse reactions. Option C is incorrect because blood should be transfused at room temperature, not body temperature. Option D is incorrect because it is not necessary for the client to eat before a blood transfusion.
2. What are the key components of a focused respiratory assessment?
- A. Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation
- B. Observation, Percussion, Auscultation, Palpation
- C. Auscultation, Palpation, Observation, Percussion
- D. Palpation, Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation. A focused respiratory assessment involves inspecting the chest for any abnormalities, palpating to assess tenderness and chest expansion, percussion to evaluate underlying structures, and auscultation to listen to lung sounds. Choice B is incorrect because observation is generally part of inspection, not a separate component. Choice C is incorrect as auscultation should come before percussion in a respiratory assessment. Choice D is incorrect because inspection should precede palpation in a structured assessment.
3. A client is being taught about taking warfarin to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. If I forget to take a dose, I can take it later on the same day.
- C. I will skip my dose if I forget to take it.
- D. I can take an additional dose if I miss one.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because taking warfarin later on the same day if a dose is missed helps maintain therapeutic levels. Choice A is incorrect because warfarin should be taken with food to enhance absorption. Choice C is incorrect as skipping a dose can lead to fluctuations in warfarin levels. Choice D is incorrect as taking an additional dose can increase the risk of bleeding.
4. A nurse is working in an acute care mental health facility and is assessing a client who has schizophrenia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. All-or-nothing thinking.
- B. Euphoric mood.
- C. Disorganized speech.
- D. Hypochondriasis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Disorganized speech. Disorganized speech is a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia, characterized by impaired thought processes that lead to incoherent, disjointed communication. All-or-nothing thinking (Choice A) is more commonly associated with cognitive distortions seen in conditions like anxiety disorders. Euphoric mood (Choice B) is not a typical finding in schizophrenia, as individuals with this disorder often display a flat or blunted affect. Hypochondriasis (Choice D) involves a preoccupation with having a serious illness and is not a primary symptom of schizophrenia.
5. A client is using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) for asthma management. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. Inhale rapidly through the mouth after pressing down on the inhaler
- B. Exhale completely before pressing down on the inhaler
- C. Hold your breath for 5-10 seconds after inhaling
- D. Inhale slowly while pressing down on the inhaler
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to hold your breath for 5-10 seconds after inhaling when using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) for asthma management. This action ensures proper medication absorption in the lungs. Inhaling rapidly (choice A) may cause the medication to impact the mouth/throat rather than the lungs. Exhaling completely before inhalation (choice B) does not optimize medication delivery. Inhaling slowly (choice D) may not allow the medication to reach the lungs effectively.
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