Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoprolol. For which of the following findings should the nurse withhold the medication?

• A. Heart rate 56/min.
• B. Oxygen saturation 93%.
• C. Respiratory rate 18/min.
• D. Blood pressure 118/74 mm Hg.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart rate 56/min. Metoprolol, a beta blocker, should be withheld if the client's heart rate is below 60/min to prevent further bradycardia. Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not indicate a need to withhold metoprolol.

2. What are the key considerations for managing a patient with COPD?

• A. Bronchodilators
• B. Smoking cessation
• C. Pulmonary rehabilitation
• D. Oxygen therapy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The key considerations for managing a patient with COPD include oxygen therapy, which is essential to maintain adequate oxygen saturation levels. While bronchodilators are commonly used to manage COPD symptoms, they are not the primary consideration. Smoking cessation is crucial in preventing further damage but is not a direct management consideration. Pulmonary rehabilitation is beneficial for improving exercise capacity and quality of life but is not as crucial as ensuring adequate oxygen therapy.

3. A client who is taking furosemide is being taught by a nurse about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to the client?

• A. Bananas
• B. Cabbage
• C. Potatoes
• D. Carrots

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, which is essential for clients taking furosemide to prevent hypokalemia. Furosemide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urine output. Therefore, recommending foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, can help maintain potassium levels within the normal range. Choices B, C, and D are not the best recommendations in this case as they are not particularly high in potassium.

4. A client receiving chemotherapy is experiencing fatigue. Which intervention should the nurse implement to manage the client's fatigue?

• A. Encourage the client to take short naps during the day
• B. Instruct the client to remain on bedrest
• C. Provide the client with a high-calorie diet
• D. Encourage the client to increase activity levels

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct intervention to manage fatigue in a client receiving chemotherapy is to encourage the client to take short naps during the day. Fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy, and allowing the client to rest can help combat this symptom. Instructing the client to remain on bedrest (Choice B) is not recommended as it may lead to deconditioning and worsen fatigue. Providing a high-calorie diet (Choice C) may be beneficial for overall nutrition but does not directly address fatigue. Encouraging the client to increase activity levels (Choice D) may exacerbate fatigue instead of alleviating it.

5. How should a healthcare provider manage a patient with sepsis?

• A. Administer IV antibiotics
• B. Monitor vital signs
• C. Administer fluids
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Managing a patient with sepsis requires a multi-faceted approach. Administering IV antibiotics is crucial to combat the underlying infection. Monitoring vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and temperature helps assess the patient's response to treatment and identify any deterioration. Administering fluids is essential to maintain adequate blood pressure and organ perfusion. Therefore, all the options are integral components of sepsis management, making 'All of the above' the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are all essential in the comprehensive care of a patient with sepsis. Omitting any of these aspects can lead to suboptimal outcomes, as each plays a critical role in addressing different aspects of sepsis management.

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