ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. A client with left-leg weakness is learning to use a cane. Which teaching point is most appropriate?
- A. Use the cane on the weaker side of the body
- B. Maintain two points of support on the ground at all times
- C. Advance the cane 30 to 45 cm with each step
- D. Advance the cane and the strong leg simultaneously
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct teaching point is to maintain two points of support on the ground at all times when using a cane. This ensures stability and helps distribute weight evenly. Choice A is incorrect because the cane should be used on the stronger side of the body to provide support to the weaker leg. Choice C is incorrect as advancing the cane too far with each step can lead to imbalance. Choice D is incorrect as advancing the cane and the strong leg simultaneously may not provide adequate support for the weaker leg.
2. What should a healthcare professional do when they observe signs of phlebitis in a client receiving IV fluids?
- A. Apply a cold compress
- B. Notify the physician immediately
- C. Apply a warm compress
- D. Administer anti-inflammatory medication
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When signs of phlebitis are observed in a client receiving IV fluids, the appropriate action is to apply a warm compress. This helps to reduce discomfort and swelling at the site of the IV insertion. Applying a cold compress may not be as effective in this case and could potentially worsen the condition. While notifying the physician is important, providing immediate comfort to the client through a warm compress is the initial recommended intervention. Administering anti-inflammatory medication should only be done under the direction of a healthcare provider after assessment and evaluation of the client's condition.
3. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who is 4 hr postoperative following perforated appendicitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Offer small amounts of clear liquids 6 hr following surgery.
- B. Give cromolyn nebulizer solution every 6 hr.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the operative site every 4 hr.
- D. Administer analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hr.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Administering analgesics on a scheduled basis for the first 24 hours is crucial to ensure adequate pain control in the immediate postoperative period. Choice A is incorrect because clear liquids are typically initiated gradually and advanced as tolerated but not specifically at 6 hours post-surgery. Choice B is incorrect as cromolyn nebulizer solution is not indicated for postoperative pain management in this scenario. Choice C is incorrect as applying a warm compress may not be appropriate for the operative site after appendicitis surgery and can potentially increase the risk of infection.
4. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease. What should be emphasized?
- A. Increase protein intake to promote healing
- B. Limit intake of potassium and phosphorus
- C. Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration
- D. Encourage the intake of high-sodium foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to emphasize limiting the intake of potassium and phosphorus for a client with chronic kidney disease. Excessive intake of potassium and phosphorus can lead to complications in kidney disease patients. Choice A is incorrect because increasing protein intake can put additional stress on the kidneys. Choice C is incorrect as excessive fluid intake can worsen kidney function in such clients. Choice D is incorrect as encouraging high-sodium foods can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, which are not beneficial for individuals with chronic kidney disease.
5. The nurse is caring for an 80-year-old client with Parkinson's disease. Which of the following nursing goals is MOST realistic and appropriate in planning care for this client?
- A. Facilitate the client in returning to usual activities of daily living
- B. Maintain optimal function within the client's limitations
- C. Assist the client in preparing for a peaceful and dignified death
- D. Delay the progression of the disease process in the client
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining optimal function within the client's limitations is the most realistic and appropriate nursing goal when caring for an 80-year-old client with Parkinson's disease. This goal focuses on maximizing the client's abilities and quality of life while acknowledging the impact of the disease. Option A is less realistic as returning to usual activities may not always be achievable in the case of Parkinson's disease. Option C is not appropriate as it does not address the client's current condition and care needs. Option D is less realistic as Parkinson's disease is progressive, and delaying its progression may not be entirely feasible.
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