Nursing Elites

1. While supervising the care of several clients, which action requires intervention by the charge nurse?

• A. A nurse photocopies a client's diagnostic test results.
• B. An assistive personnel documents the client's vital signs on the client's paper-based graphic record.
• C. The unit secretary faxes a client's laboratory results to the provider.
• D. An RN stays with a client to discuss her understanding of her vital signs that were requested.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The charge nurse should intervene when a nurse photocopies a client's diagnostic test results as it violates patient confidentiality and privacy. This action breaches HIPAA regulations, and sensitive patient information should not be photocopied without proper authorization. The other actions are within the scope of practice and do not raise concerns regarding patient privacy or confidentiality.

2. Which action demonstrates a coparticipative manner in the nursing model of care?

• A. Working with the patient and family to achieve the best outcome.
• B. Encouraging the shy student to participate in class discussions, demonstrating transpersonal caring.
• C. Finding a way for a patient to see a dog, understanding the patient's needs.
• D. Accepting individuals for who they are, maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A coparticipative manner in the nursing model of care involves collaborating with the patient and family to achieve the best outcome. This approach emphasizes working together as a team to address healthcare needs and make decisions. While encouraging a shy student, understanding a patient's needs, and maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude are all important aspects of nursing care, the coparticipative manner specifically focuses on partnership and shared decision-making in the care process.

3. What type of knowledge does the student gain in the pathophysiology classroom?

• A. Aesthetic
• B. Empirical
• C. Ethical
• D. Personal

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the pathophysiology classroom, students gain empirical knowledge. This type of knowledge is based on scientific evidence and facts related to the physiological processes of diseases. Choice A (Aesthetic) pertains to beauty and artistic appreciation, which is not relevant in this context. Choice C (Ethical) relates to moral principles and conduct, which is not the primary focus of pathophysiology. Choice D (Personal) refers to information based on one's experiences or opinions, which is subjective and not the type of knowledge emphasized in a pathophysiology classroom.

4. What is the difference between mediation and binding arbitration based on the statement provided?

• A. Mediation is sanctioned by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to formally discuss concerns with management and labor
• B. Mediation uses a trained person to facilitate negotiations without making a final decision
• C. Binding arbitration is a formal process where an arbitrator's decision is final and must be adhered to by both parties
• D. Binding arbitration requires both labor and management to engage in discussions to find the least harmful resolution

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The key difference between mediation and binding arbitration lies in the finality of the decision. In binding arbitration, the arbitrator's decision is ultimate, and both parties are obligated to comply with it. This differs from mediation, where a neutral third party facilitates negotiations but does not make a final decision. Choice A is incorrect as mediation is not necessarily sanctioned by the NLRB; it can be conducted independently. Choice B is incorrect because mediation does not involve a final decision-maker but focuses on facilitating discussions. Choice D is incorrect as binding arbitration does not aim to find the least harmful resolution but rather a final and binding decision by the arbitrator.

5. A healthcare provider is planning the discharge of a newborn who requires apnea monitoring at home. To which of the following community agencies should the healthcare provider anticipate referring the guardian of the newborn?

• A. Child Protective Services
• B. Public Health
• C. Home Health
• D. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Home health agencies specialize in providing at-home care and monitoring services, making them the appropriate referral for a newborn requiring apnea monitoring. These agencies can offer skilled nursing care, education, and support to ensure the well-being of the newborn in a home setting. Child Protective Services (Choice A) is not relevant in this scenario as it deals with child welfare and protection from abuse or neglect. Public Health (Choice B) focuses on community health initiatives but may not provide the specialized care needed for apnea monitoring. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program (Choice D) offers nutritional support and education for low-income pregnant women, new mothers, and young children, which is not directly related to providing monitoring services for a newborn with apnea.

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