Nursing Elites

1. What force keeps a car moving along a curved road?

• A. Gravitational force
• B. Normal force from the road
• C. Air resistance
• D. Friction between the tires and the road

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Friction between the tires and the road. When a car travels along a curved road, the friction between the tires of the car and the road provides the necessary centripetal force required to keep the car moving in the curved path. This friction allows the tires to grip the road and prevent the car from sliding off the curve due to inertia or momentum. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because gravitational force, normal force from the road, and air resistance do not play a significant role in keeping a car moving along a curved road. While these forces may have other effects on the car's motion, they are not the primary force responsible for maintaining the car's trajectory along a curve.

2. How can the periodic table be used to predict the charge of an ion formed by an element?

• A. Look for elements with similar atomic weights.
• B. Identify the group number, which corresponds to the typical ionic charge.
• C. Calculate the difference between protons and electrons.
• D. Analyze the element's position within the period.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The group number of an element on the periodic table corresponds to the number of valence electrons it has. Elements in the same group tend to form ions with the same charge. For example, elements in Group 1 typically form ions with a +1 charge, while elements in Group 17 typically form ions with a -1 charge. Therefore, by identifying the group number of an element, one can predict the typical ionic charge it will form. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because predicting the charge of an ion is mainly based on the element's position in the periodic table, particularly the group number, which indicates the number of valence electrons and the typical ionic charge it may form.

3. Certain medications can suppress the immune system to treat autoimmune diseases or prevent organ rejection after transplants. What is a potential risk associated with immunosuppressive drugs?

• A. Increased risk of developing allergies
• B. Increased susceptibility to infections
• C. Both A and B
• D. Neither A nor B

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Immunosuppressive drugs work by suppressing the immune system's activity, which can increase the risk of infections as the body's ability to fight off pathogens is compromised. While allergies can be a side effect of some medications, the primary concern with immunosuppressive drugs is the increased susceptibility to infections. Therefore, the correct answer is B, increased susceptibility to infections. Choice A, 'Increased risk of developing allergies,' is incorrect as the primary risk associated with immunosuppressive drugs is not related to allergies. Choice C, 'Both A and B,' is incorrect as the main concern is the increased susceptibility to infections rather than developing allergies. Choice D, 'Neither A nor B,' is incorrect as there is a known risk of increased susceptibility to infections when using immunosuppressive drugs.

4. What is the function of the pituitary gland?

• A. Produces hormones that regulate growth and metabolism
• B. Filters blood and removes waste products
• C. Stores and releases bile
• D. Produces red blood cells

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Produces hormones that regulate growth and metabolism. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it produces and releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. It does not filter blood or remove waste products (option B), store and release bile (option C), or produce red blood cells (option D). The pituitary gland's primary role is in hormone production and regulation, influencing many essential functions in the body.

5. Which of the following statements is NOT true about DNA?

• A. DNA contains the nucleotides A, T, C, G and is read 5' to 3'.
• B. DNA contains genetic information and is tightly coiled with proteins to form chromosomes.
• C. DNA contains the nucleotides A, T, C, G and is read 3' to 5'.
• D. DNA is a double-stranded molecule connected by hydrogen bonds.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because DNA is typically read from the 5' end to the 3' end, not from 3' to 5'. Choices A, B, and D are all true statements about DNA. DNA contains the nucleotides A, T, C, G and is read in a 5' to 3' direction. DNA also contains genetic information and is tightly coiled with proteins to form chromosomes. Additionally, DNA is a double-stranded molecule connected by hydrogen bonds.

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