Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

• A. Carbon Dioxide
• B. Methane
• C. Oxygen
• D. Water Vapor

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) Carbon Dioxide: Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas released into the atmosphere through various human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. It contributes to global warming by trapping heat in the atmosphere. B) Methane: Methane is another greenhouse gas released from sources like livestock, landfills, and natural gas production. It is more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping heat. C) Oxygen: Oxygen is not considered a greenhouse gas. It is a vital component of the Earth's atmosphere necessary for respiration and combustion, but it does not trap heat like greenhouse gases do. D) Water Vapor: Water vapor is a significant greenhouse gas that plays a crucial role in the Earth's climate system by trapping heat in the atmosphere. It is the most abundant greenhouse gas. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Oxygen, as it is not a greenhouse gas.

2. What is the main function of the lungs?

• A. To transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body
• B. To coordinate movement and sensory information
• C. To filter waste products from the blood
• D. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The main function of the lungs is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. This process occurs through the alveoli in the lungs where oxygen from inhaled air enters the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream and exhaled. Option A is incorrect as the transportation of oxygen and nutrients throughout the body is primarily carried out by the circulatory system, not the lungs. Option B is incorrect as coordinating movement and sensory information is a function of the nervous system, not the lungs. Option C is incorrect as filtering waste products from the blood is primarily the role of the kidneys, not the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

3. Which of the following factors would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?

• A. Decreasing temperature
• B. Increasing pressure
• C. Decreasing surface area
• D. Increasing particle size

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is increasing pressure. According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. Therefore, increasing pressure would force more gas molecules into the liquid, leading to an increase in solubility. Conversely, decreasing temperature, decreasing surface area, and increasing particle size would not directly impact the solubility of a gas in a liquid. Decreasing temperature typically decreases solubility as gases are less soluble at lower temperatures. Decreasing surface area and increasing particle size are related to surface area and not the pressure above the liquid, thus not affecting solubility as pressure does.

4. What is the main component of bile, a substance that aids in fat digestion?

• A. Proteins
• B. Carbohydrates
• C. Bile salts
• D. Vitamins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile salts are the main component of bile that aid in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile salts help emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes. Proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins are not the main components of bile and do not play a significant role in fat digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Bile salts.' Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not the main components of bile and do not contribute to fat digestion.

5. Which of the following is the main organ responsible for storing energy?

• A. Liver
• B. Heart
• C. Kidneys
• D. Adipose tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is the main organ responsible for storing energy in the form of triglycerides. It serves as a reserve of energy that can be utilized when needed. The liver primarily regulates glucose levels and stores glycogen for short-term energy needs but is not the main organ for long-term energy storage. The heart's main function is to pump blood throughout the body and is not involved in energy storage. The kidneys are essential for filtering blood and maintaining fluid balance but are not responsible for storing energy.

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