Nursing Elites

1. What is a recommended strategy during the drafting phase?

• A. List all ideas that come to mind without worrying about whether they are good or on-topic.
• B. Note where you got your information; save that step for the end.
• C. Avoid stopping frequently to look up grammar rules and words you don't know how to spell.
• D. Get the ideas down on paper, even if some sentences sound awkward or contain errors.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct strategy during the drafting phase is to get the ideas down on paper, even if some sentences sound awkward or contain errors. It is essential to focus on capturing thoughts and concepts first, as editing and refining can be done in subsequent stages. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests listing all ideas without worrying about their quality or relevance, which may result in a disorganized draft. Choice B is incorrect as noting sources typically occurs during the research or referencing phase, not drafting. Choice C is incorrect because stopping frequently to look up grammar rules and spellings can disrupt the flow of ideas during drafting, which should prioritize content creation over minor details.

2. Which of the following sentences follows the rules of capitalization?

• A. As juveniles, African white-backed vultures are darkly colored, developing their white feathers only as they grow into adulthood.
• B. Ukrainians celebrate a holiday called Malanka during which men dress in costumes and masks and play tricks on their neighbors.
• C. Because of its distance from the sun, the planet Neptune has seasons that last the equivalent of forty-one Earth years.
• D. Edward Jenner, considered the Father of Immunology, invented the world’s first vaccine.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In sentence B, "Ukrainians" is capitalized because it is referring to a specific group of people, and "Malanka" is also capitalized as it is a holiday name. This follows the rules of capitalization for proper nouns. Choices A, C, and D contain correct capitalization, but they also include additional capitalizations that are unnecessary. For instance, in choice A, "African white-backed vultures" should not be capitalized unless it is part of a proper noun or a title. In choice C, while "Neptune" and "Earth" should be capitalized as they are names of celestial bodies, the word "sun" is not capitalized unless it is used as part of the proper noun "Sun." Choice D correctly capitalizes proper nouns like "Edward Jenner" and "Immunology," but the general terms like "Father" and "vaccine" do not need capitalization unless they are part of a title or a specific name.

3. The swirling snow drifted down all afternoon. Which of the following parts of speech is 'swirling' as used in the sentence above?

• A. Interjection
• B. Article
• C. Adjective
• D. Adverb

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the sentence 'The swirling snow drifted down all afternoon,' 'swirling' is functioning as an adjective. Adjectives modify or describe nouns, and in this case, 'swirling' describes the noun 'snow.' The word 'swirling' is giving more information about the nature or quality of the snow, indicating that it is moving in a circular motion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. An interjection is a word or phrase used to express strong emotions or sentiments, which 'swirling' does not do in this context. An article is a determiner that introduces a noun, and 'swirling' is not serving this function. An adverb typically modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, but in this sentence, 'swirling' is not modifying a verb, making it an incorrect choice.

4. Which sentence contains a homonym?

• A. I need to bear the pain.
• B. She found a bear in the woods.
• C. I can't bear to see this.
• D. He bears a striking resemblance.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'I can't bear to see this.' The words 'bear' and 'bare' are homonyms, as they sound the same but have different meanings. Choice A does not contain a homonym; it correctly uses 'bear' in the context of enduring pain. Choice B uses 'bear' as a noun referring to the animal, not a homonym. Choice D uses 'bears' as a verb, not a homonym.

5. Which of the following statements correctly describes the prewriting stage of the writing process?

• A. The works cited page of a paper is finalized during the prewriting stage.
• B. The first draft of a paper is written during the prewriting stage.
• C. Mind mapping and free writing occur during the prewriting stage.
• D. Copy editing and proofreading happen during the prewriting stage.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because during the prewriting stage, writers engage in activities like mind mapping and free writing to brainstorm ideas and organize their thoughts before starting the actual writing process. Choice A is incorrect because finalizing the works cited page is typically done during the later stages of writing. Choice B is incorrect as the first draft is usually created during the drafting stage, not prewriting. Choice D is incorrect since copy editing and proofreading are tasks carried out in the revising and editing stages, not during prewriting.

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